Skip to Content

CN

Assessment of bacterial resistance to organic solvents using a combined confocal laser scanning and atomic force microscopy (CLSM/AFM).

Assessment of bacterial resistance to organic solvents using a combined confocal laser scanning and atomic force microscopy (CLSM/AFM).

Journal of microbiological methods (2014-09-07)

Maria S Kuyukina, Irena B Ivshina, Irina O Korshunova, Ekaterina V Rubtsova

ABSTRACT

Using combined confocal laser scanning and atomic force microscopy (CLSM/AFM), bacterial viability under organic solvent stress was assessed at single cell level. Solvent-exposed bacteria stained with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight fluoresced green or red, allowing viable and dead cell discrimination. However, with toluene, butanol and acetonitrile, dually fluorescent cells appeared having compromised cell membranes. Changes in size, surface/volume ratio and roughness were revealed as possible resistance mechanisms.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

1-Butanol, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.7%

Sigma-Aldrich

1-Butanol, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., ≥99.5% (GC)

Supelco

1-Butanol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

Sigma-Aldrich

1-Butanol, Molecular Biology, ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

1-Butanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.4%

Sigma-Aldrich

1-Butanol, anhydrous, 99.8%

Sigma-Aldrich

1-Butanol, 99.9%

Supelco

1-Butanol, analytical standard

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.8%

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, anhydrous, 99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.9%

Supelco

Decane, analytical standard

Sigma-Aldrich

Decane, anhydrous, ≥99%

Supelco

Cyclohexane, analytical standard

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.7%

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, ≥99.5% (GC)

Sigma-Aldrich

Decane, ReagentPlus^®, ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

Decane, ≥95%

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, ACS reagent, ≥99%

Supelco

Acetonitrile(Neat), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

Supelco

Residual Solvent - Acetonitrile(solution in DMSO), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

Sigma-Aldrich

Cyclohexane, ACS reagent, ≥99%

Supelco

Residual Solvent - Toluene, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetonitrile, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, ≥99.9%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetonitrile, ReagentPlus^®, 99%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetonitrile, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetonitrile, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, ≥99.9%

USP

Residual Solvent Class 2 - Acetonitrile, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

Sigma-Aldrich

Butyl alcohol, natural, ≥99.5%, FCC, FG

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetonitrile, anhydrous, 99.8%