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主页原代细胞培养用于梯度离心的Ficoll® 400

用于梯度离心的Ficoll® 400

产品编号F4375

CAS号:26873-85-8

Ficoll® 400是由蔗糖和环氧氯丙烷共聚而成的一种高度分支化的聚合物。Ficoll® 400是完全非离子性的。由于其含有丰富的羟基,Ficoll® 400具有很强的亲水性,并极易溶于水。Ficoll® 400最常见的应用是作为密度梯度介质,用于真核细胞、细胞器和细菌细胞的分离。密度范围可达1.2 g/ml。它还被用于一系列其他应用中。

物理性质

外观:白色至浅黄色粉末

干燥失重:小于5%1

分子量:400,000 +/- 100,000(通过特性粘度测定)1

比旋度:+56.5°,20 °C(C=1%,水溶液)1                                        

特性粘度:约0.17 dl/g1

可透析材料(包括NaCl):小于1%1

斯托克斯半径:约10 nm1

相比蔗糖,Ficoll溶液的渗透压相对较低。但Ficoll水溶液的密度与蔗糖相当。

由于高分子量和低含量的透析性材料,Ficoll对细胞膜的渗透性比蔗糖低得多。因此,细胞在Ficoll梯度液中的聚集密度要低于蔗糖梯度液。Ficoll由于其低膜渗透性和低渗透压,通常能较好地保存细胞功能和形态。

储存方法/稳定性

Ficoll 400粉末直接在室温下恰当保存,保质期长达5年。

溶解度/溶液稳定性

水溶液浓度可达到50%(w/v)。溶解时,需在不断搅拌中缓慢加入Ficoll。

经溶解度测试,1g Ficoll 400溶于10mL去离子水产生澄清至微浊、无色至浅黄色溶液。 

Ficoll在碱性和中性溶液中稳定。当pH值低于3时,它会迅速水解,尤其是在高温下。 

Ficoll可在110 °C的中性pH下高压灭菌30分钟。 

应避免使用强氧化性和还原性试剂。

实验步骤

离心

Ficoll® 400可用于各种离心机转子的梯度离心和单位重力分离。不连续和连续梯度离心均适用。不连续梯度离心主要有两大优点:首先,Ficoll 400急剧的密度变化意味着分离细胞会在不同密度层之间的交界面形成明显条带。这样,用移液器就能很容易地吸取样品。其次,密度差异很大的细胞仅通过两个密度层就能分离。但需要恰当选择密度,防止一种或多种细胞进入下面的相,将这些细胞隔离在交界面。

具体的密度选择请参考下表:

密度随浓度变化图。

图 1.密度随浓度变化图。

制备不连续梯度:

  1. 用缓冲液或蔗糖等渗溶液(0.25M)配制不同浓度的Ficoll 400.应选择适合分离目标材料的浓度。大多数细胞和细胞器在Ficoll 400中的浮力密度在1.0和1.2 g/ml之间。  一般配制2层梯度就足够。配制的溶液可置于冰箱保存,但使用时要处于室温。
  2. 在标准离心管中铺设密度层(约1 cm深),
    将最浓的梯度层铺在管底。
  3. 注意不要混合各梯度层,小心将样品铺在梯度液顶部。用玻璃棒轻轻地将样品与最上层的Ficoll 400搅混,化去交界面后再离心。

离心时,各种颗粒会根据自身密度的不同在Ficoll梯度液的层内或层间聚集。离心后,吸出各种相,并除去目标分离物中的Ficoll。离心后,重复加入缓冲液稀释,可除去分离细胞和细胞器中的Ficoll。可以用蒽酮反应估算样品中残留的Ficoll 400量。2

某些情况下,可能需要制作连续或线性密度梯度。使用梯度混合仪可轻松完成。对于简单分离,可使用不具梯度的均一的Ficoll 400溶液,  逐步提高离心速度即可实现分离。Ficoll还用于区带分离研究。3

密度梯度下的单位重力沉降法(Unit gravity sedimentation)广泛用于分离不耐受离心的细胞。单位重力法还可高效分离密度相近、大小相异的细胞。4,5,6

Ficoll-Hypaque密度介质(Histopaque)

Ficoll-Hypaque介质是Ficoll和泛影酸钠的混合物。我们提供三种不同密度的这类混合物,Histopaque-107710831119

核酸杂交

Ficoll 400是Northern和Southern印迹分析所用Denhardt’s溶液中的组分。在核酸杂交中,Ficoll可降低材料与硝酸纤维素膜的非特异性吸附。7

我们提供Denhardt’s溶液(产品编号D2532),50X浓缩液,已通过核酸杂交测试。一般的杂交液要求5X浓缩的Denhardt’s溶液。

免疫应用

Ficoll 400可用作半抗原载体,可偶联二硝基苯酚、三硝基苯酚和异硫氰酸荧光素提高小鼠的初次免疫应答。这种不同取代水平和极低毒性的偶联物易于制备。8,9

化学成分确定的细胞培养基

Ficoll可支持原代培养物和建系细胞系的生长(添加或不添加血清来源生长因子)。10,11

透析浓缩

Ficoll 400可用于透析法溶液浓缩,它的高分子量使其不会穿过透析膜。Ficoll 400溶液可通过渗透作用跨膜吸水,有效浓缩敏感材料。1

电泳

连续流动电泳通常需要在电解液中加入稳定剂。Ficoll 400可充当这种试剂。12,13

相分离

相分离法可按照表面性质分离细胞。Ficoll 400可与聚乙二醇组成双相体系,也可与葡聚糖和聚乙二醇组成三相体系。14,15

生理灌注和细胞稳定溶液

Ficoll可掺入生理盐水灌注液,用于血管中的蛋白分泌监测。含30% Ficoll和0.5 M蔗糖的溶液可用于稀释玻璃化冻存小鼠胚胎。17含4.7% Ficoll 400的台式液可用于灌注分离的大鼠肾。18

*Ficoll是Pharmacia所有的注册商标名。相关的物理特性和应用资料来自Pharmacia。

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