Determination of monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) in surface waters from a Brazilian subtropical hydrographic basin.

Determination of monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) in surface waters from a Brazilian subtropical hydrographic basin.

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology (2014-02-18)

Andreia Neves Fernandes, Cindy Duarte Gouveia, Marco Tadeu Grassi, Janaina da Silva Crespo, Marcelo Giovanela

ABSTRACT

This study examined surface water samples for the presence of the monoaromatic hydrocarbons benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Water samples were collected from the sub-basin of the Tegas River and the Marrecas Stream microbasin located in the metropolitan region of the municipality of Caxias do Sul (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil). For all sampling points evaluated, only toluene was detected, with concentrations values in the range of 1.70-18.44 μg L(-1). In general, the relatively high toluene concentration for the samples collected were above the limit of 2 μg L(-1) established by the Brazilian government for Class I rivers for the protection of aquatic life. However, they were well below the established limit of 170 μg L(-1) in water used for human consumption.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

40084

Supelco

Toluene solution, certified reference material, 5000 μg/mL in methanol

710725

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 5% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), TMS 1 %, NMR tube size 5 mm × 7 in.

487120

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 0.1% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), TMS 0.01 %, NMR tube size 8 mm × 8 in.

714917

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 0.1% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), TMS 0.01 %, NMR tube size 5 mm × 8 in. , ultra-thin wall

708046

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 10% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D)

708054

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 0.1% in chloroform-d ("100%", 99.96 atom % D)

551341

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 5% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), TMS 2 %, NMR tube size 5 mm × 8 in.

717959

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 1% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D)

733768

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 10% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), NMR tube size 10 mm × 8 in.

717967

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 0.1% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), TMS 0.1 %

612480

Supelco

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 0.1% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), chromium(III) acetylacetonate 0.1 mg/mL, TMS 0.01 %, NMR tube size 5 mm × 8 in.

487104

Supelco

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 0.1% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), TMS 0.01 %, NMR tube size 5 mm × 8 in.

736198

Supelco

Ethylbenzene solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 10% in chloroform-d (99.8 atom % D), NMR tube size 5 mm × 8 in. , ultra-thin wall

CRM48620

Supelco

Toluene solution, certified reference material, TraceCERT^®, 200 μg/mL in methanol, ampule of 1 mL

PHR1317

Supelco

Residual Solvent - Toluene, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material