CN

A new biodegradable and biocompatible gadolinium (III) -polymer for liver magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent.

A new biodegradable and biocompatible gadolinium (III) -polymer for liver magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent.

Magnetic resonance imaging (2015-04-04)

Yan Xiao, Rong Xue, Tianyan You, Xiaojing Li, Fengkui Pei

ABSTRACT

A new biodegradable and biocompatible gadolinium (III) -copolymer (ACL-A2-DOTA-Gd) has been developed as a potential liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. ACL-A2-DOTA-Gd consisted of a poly (aspartic acid-co-leucine) unit bound with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-gadolinium (Gd-DOTA) via the linkage of ethylenediamine. In vitro, the biodegradable experiment and cytotoxicity assay showed the biodegradability and biocompatibility of this gadolinium-polymer. ACL-A2-DOTA-Gd presented an increase in relaxivity of 2.4 times than the clinical Gd-DOTA. In vivo, gadolinium (III)-copolymer was mainly accumulated in the liver, and it could be excreted via the renal and hepatobiliary mechanism. The average enhancement of ACL-A2-DOTA-Gd (60.71±5.93%, 50-80 min) in liver was 2.62-fold greater than that of Gd-DOTA (23.16±3.55%, 10-30 min). ACL-A2-DOTA-Gd could be as a potential liver MRI contrast agent with a long time-window.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethanol Fixative 80% v/v, suitable for fixing solution (blood films)

Supelco

Ethanol standards 10% (v/v), 10 % (v/v) in H₂O, analytical standard

Sigma-Aldrich

N,N-Dimethylformamide, for molecular biology, ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

N,N-Dimethylformamide, anhydrous, 99.8%

Sigma-Aldrich

L-Aspartic acid, BioUltra, ≥99.5% (T)

Sigma-Aldrich

N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide sodium salt, ≥98% (HPLC)

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetone, natural, ≥97%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetone, ≥99%, meets FCC analytical specifications

Sigma-Aldrich

Phosphoric acid, crystalline, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid, ≥97.0% (CHN)

Sigma-Aldrich

Nitric-¹⁴N acid solution, ~10 N in H₂O, 99.99 atom % ¹⁴N

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylenediamine, BioXtra

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylenediamine, meets USP testing specifications

Sigma-Aldrich

Phosphoric acid, BioReagent, suitable for insect cell culture, 85%

Sigma-Aldrich

L-Aspartic acid, BioXtra, ≥99% (HPLC)

Sigma-Aldrich

L-Aspartic acid, reagent grade, ≥98% (HPLC)

Sigma-Aldrich

L-Aspartic acid, from non-animal source, meets EP, USP testing specifications, suitable for cell culture, 98.5-101.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Phosphoric acid, BioUltra, ≥85% (T)

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylenediamine solution, technical, 75-80%

SAFC

L-Aspartic acid

Sigma-Aldrich

Phosphoric acid, ≥85 wt. % in H₂O, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethylenediamine, purified by redistillation, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 190 proof, meets USP testing specifications

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 190 proof, ACS spectrophotometric grade, 95.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Nitric acid, 70%, purified by redistillation, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Phosphoric acid, 85 wt. % in H₂O, 99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Gadolinium, chips

Sigma-Aldrich

Gadolinium(III) chloride, anhydrous, powder, 99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Nitric acid, ACS reagent, ≥90.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Phosphoric acid-¹⁶O₄ solution, 70 wt. % in D₂O, 99.9 atom % ¹⁶O