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Anton C de Groot et al.
Contact dermatitis, 62(1), 2-17 (2010-02-09)
In this part of a series of review articles on formaldehyde-releasers and their relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy, formaldehyde-releasers in cosmetics are discussed. In this first part of the article, key data are presented including frequency of sensitization and of
T Agner et al.
Contact dermatitis, 45(1), 21-25 (2001-06-26)
The preservatives imidazolidinyl urea (IMID, Germall 115) and diazolidinyl urea (DU, Germall II) are commonly used in cosmetic products and are well-known sensitizers. The aim of the present study was to establish the optimal patch test concentration in hydrophilic dried-in
Natasha Babar et al.
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 56(2), 1274-1282 (2015-01-31)
Previously, aliphatic β-nitroalcohols (BNAs) have been studied as a means to chemically induce tissue cross-linking (TXL) of cornea and sclera. There are a number of related and possibly more potent agents, known as formaldehyde releasers (FARs), that are in commercial
Jacob P Thyssen et al.
Contact dermatitis, 62(2), 102-108 (2010-02-09)
Most cosmetics and industrial products contain preservatives. Preservative allergy is common and, historically, changing contact allergy epidemics caused by preservatives have been observed. In 1997, Alan Dillarstone predicted a stable development of preservative allergy following mandatory ingredient labelling on cosmetic
Determination of diazolidinyl urea in a topical cream by high-performance liquid chromatography
Williams III, et al.
Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 696, 303-306 (1997)
Effects of Several Cosmetic Preservatives on ROS-Dependent Apoptosis of Rat Neural Progenitor Cells.
Onjeon Ryu et al.
Biomolecules & therapeutics, 26(6), 608-615 (2018-02-13)
Benzalkonium chloride, diazolidinyl urea, and imidazolidinyl urea are commonly used preservatives in cosmetics. Recent reports suggested that these compounds may have cellular and systemic toxicity in high concentration. In addition, diazolidinyl urea and imidazolidinyl urea are known formaldehyde (FA) releasers
E M Jackson
Skin pharmacology and physiology, 25(5), 236-240 (2012-06-16)
Personal care products reported to cause allergic contact dermatitis from the presence of formaldehyde need to be re-examined in light of recent chemical developments in our understanding of the film former, toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin, the preservatives diazolidinyl urea and
C Lv et al.
International journal of cosmetic science, 37(5), 474-478 (2015-02-24)
To understand formaldehyde residue in cosmetics, an investigation on formaldehyde release from eight preservatives (methenamine - MA, paraformaldehyde - PF, poly(p-toluenesulfonamide-co-formaldehyde) -PTSAF, quaternium-15 - QU, imidazolidinyl urea - IU, diazolidinyl urea - DU, dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin - DMDM and bronopol -
Takahiro Doi et al.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 877(10), 1005-1010 (2009-03-10)
A new HPLC method for simultaneous measurement of diazolidinyl urea (DU), urea, and allantoin by hydrophilic interaction chromatography using a column packed with triazol-bonded silica particles is described. The calibration curves of DU, urea, and allantoin were linear over the
Nina Dragicevic et al.
Drug development and industrial pharmacy, 45(1), 43-54 (2018-08-23)
The aim of this study was to develop, characterize and evaluate stability of a gel containing coenzyme Q10 (Q10)-loaded liposomes, and enhance the stability of Q10 in the nanocarrier-containing gel compared to the conventional gel. Q10-loaded liposome dispersions prepared from
Anton de Groot et al.
Contact dermatitis, 62(1), 18-31 (2010-02-09)
This is the second part of an article on formaldehyde-releasers in cosmetics. The patch test relationship between the releasers in cosmetics to formaldehyde contact allergy is reviewed and it is assessed whether products preserved with formaldehyde-releasers may contain enough free
Follow-up of the monitored levels of preservative sensitivity in Europe: overview of the years 2001-2008.
Cecilia Svedman et al.
Contact dermatitis, 67(5), 312-314 (2012-10-09)
Erythrocyte Toxicities of Imidazolidinyl Urea and Diazolidinyl Urea
Noureddine H, et al.
Journal of Materials Science and Engineering. B, 3(7B), 445-445 (2013)
Rodrigo Carvalho et al.
Cutaneous and ocular toxicology, 30(4), 331-332 (2011-03-24)
Hydrogels contain modified carboxymethylcellulose polymer together with propylene glycol as known components. Nowadays, they are common agents used in the treatment of leg ulcer patients, and a possible cause of allergic contact dermatitis. However in the published data, not all
Anton C de Groot et al.
Contact dermatitis, 62(4), 221-224 (2010-03-20)
Frequencies of sensitization to formaldehyde among US patients patch tested for suspected contact dermatitis are higher than in Europe. Cosmetics are an important source of contact with formaldehyde. To acquire data on the frequency of use of formaldehyde-releasers in cosmetics
Robert L Rietschel et al.
Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug, 18(3), 155-162 (2007-08-30)
To determine whether petrolatum or aqueous vehicles are more sensitive for detecting allergy to imidazolidinylurea (IU), diazolidinylurea (DU), and dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin (DM). The relationship of these allergens to formaldehyde sensitivity was also explored. Retrospective analysis of patients patch-tested by
Allergic contact dermatitis in a girl due to several cosmetics containing diazolidinyl-urea or imidazolidinyl-urea.
J García-Gavín et al.
Contact dermatitis, 63(1), 49-50 (2010-07-06)
Stefan Pfuhler et al.
Mutation research, 514(1-2), 133-146 (2002-01-30)
The two formaldehyde (FA)-releasers dimethylol urea (DMU) and diazolidinyl urea (DZU) are widely used as preservatives or additives. They were tested for genotoxicity in three short-term test systems, i.e. in the Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay, in the in vitro micronucleus
Lisa E Maier et al.
Dermatologic clinics, 27(3), 251-264 (2009-07-08)
Hand dermatitis is a common disease of the skin resulting in significantly decreased quality of life. Allergic contact dermatitis is a frequent cause of hand dermatitis. Recent studies have revealed that biocides used as preservatives are frequent allergens affecting the
Microbial inhibitors for U.S. EPA drinking water methods for the determination of organic compounds.
S D Winslow et al.
Environmental science & technology, 35(20), 4103-4110 (2001-11-01)
Preservation of chemical analytes in drinking water samples is necessary to obtain accurate information concerning contaminant occurrence. Sample preservation to prevent biodegradation is important for most samples and analytes. With the unique demands of environmental methods, it is not always
S L Skinner et al.
American journal of contact dermatitis : official journal of the American Contact Dermatitis Society, 9(4), 199-201 (1998-11-11)
Formaldehyde-releasing preservatives are well-known allergens found in many topical preparations including medications. To analyze the relevance of a positive patch test to formaldehyde-releasing preservatives in medications containing these preservatives. Patients were recruited with a history of allergy to one of
Diazolidinyl urea: incidence of sensitivity, patterns of cross?reactivity and clinical relevance.
Hectorne KJ & Fransway AF
Contact Dermatitis, 30(1), 16-19 (1994)
The different decomposition properties of diazolidinyl urea in cosmetics and patch test materials
Doi, et al.
Contact Dermatitis, 65, 81-91 (2011)
Contact allergy to formaldehyde releasers. Prospective multicenter study.
Tatiana Sanz-Sánchez et al.
Contact dermatitis, 82(3), 173-175 (2019-10-17)
Daeryl E Amponin et al.
BMC ophthalmology, 20(1), 28-28 (2020-01-17)
Corneal infections with antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are an increasingly difficult management challenge and chemically or photochemically cross-linking the cornea for therapy presents a unique approach to managing such infections since both direct microbial pathogens killing and matrix stabilization can occur simultaneously.
M D Lynch et al.
The British journal of dermatology, 176(1), 184-196 (2016-06-11)
Delayed-type hypersensitivity represents a significant clinical and public health challenge. Patients undergoing patch testing may exhibit positive reactions to more than one allergen. It is recognized that reactions to specific pairs of allergens are associated, reflecting a combination of exposure
Nuria Latorre et al.
Contact dermatitis, 65(5), 286-292 (2011-07-20)
Formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis. To determine the frequency of sensitization to formaldehyde and seven formaldehyde-releasers. To establish and characterize groups of patients according to the results of patch testing. We performed a 5-year retrospective
Claus Zachariae et al.
Contact dermatitis, 53(5), 268-277 (2005-11-15)
The elicitation potential of the cosmetic preservative diazolidinyl urea was studied in formaldehyde- and diazolidinyl urea-sensitized volunteer patients using a stepwise controlled exposure design. The test product was a facial moisturizer, preserved with varying concentrations of diazolidinyl urea, ranging from
Bshaer M Jameel et al.
International journal of pharmaceutics, 569, 118549-118549 (2019-08-09)
Trial-and-error approach to formulation development is long and costly. With growing time and cost pressures in the pharmaceutical industry, the need for computer-based formulation design is greater than ever. In this project, emulgels were designed and optimized using Formulating for
A T Karlberg et al.
Contact dermatitis, 38(1), 20-28 (1998-03-21)
Reliable and uncomplicated methods for detection of free formaldehyde in products preserved with formaldehyde donors are desirable to decrease the risk of allergic contact dermatitis. The aim of this study was to develop a method that could be used in
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