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Ramona Emig et al.
Cells, 10(3) (2021-04-04)
The mechanical environment of cardiac cells changes continuously and undergoes major alterations during diseases. Most cardiac diseases, including atrial fibrillation, are accompanied by fibrosis which can impair both electrical and mechanical function of the heart. A key characteristic of fibrotic
Tomoaki Inazumi et al.
Cell reports, 33(2), 108265-108265 (2020-10-15)
Lipolysis, the breakdown of triglyceride storage in white adipose tissue, supplies fatty acids to other tissues as a fuel under fasting conditions. In morbid obesity, fibrosis limits adipocyte expandability, resulting in enforced lipolysis, ectopic fat distribution, and ultimately insulin resistance.
How scars shape the neural landscape: Key molecular mediators of TGF-β1's anti-neuritogenic effects.
Kye-Im Jeon et al.
PloS one, 15(11), e0234950-e0234950 (2020-11-25)
Following injury to the peripheral and central nervous systems, tissue levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 often increase, which is key for wound healing and scarring. However, active wound regions and scars appear to inhibit process outgrowth by regenerating neurons.
Ilari Pulli et al.
Cell calcium, 72, 62-69 (2018-05-12)
Oxysterol-binding protein related-protein 5 and 8 (ORP5/8) localize to the membrane contact sites (MCS) of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondria, as well as to the ER-plasma membrane (PM) MCS. The MCS are emerging as important regulators of cell
Alastair Khodabukus et al.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 176(1), 124-136 (2020-04-16)
Traditional serum biomarkers used to assess skeletal muscle damage, such as activity of creatine kinase (CK), lack tissue specificity and sensitivity, hindering early detection of drug-induced myopathies. Recently, a novel four-factor skeletal muscle injury panel (MIP) of biomarkers consisting of
Janaina Fernandes et al.
Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 24(4), 547-562 (2019-04-29)
Massive lysis of tumor mass in cancer patients under chemotherapy regimens generates high levels of uric acid, leading to what is known as tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Rasburicase, a recombinant urate oxidase, converts urate to allantoin, which is readily excreted
Hajime Shinoda et al.
Cell chemical biology, 25(3), 330-338 (2018-01-02)
The fluorescent protein (FP) color palette has greatly contributed to the visualization of molecular and cellular processes. However, most FPs lose fluorescence at a pH lower than their neutral pKa (∼6), and this has hampered their application in acidic organelles
Kazuki Hattori et al.
EMBO reports, 18(11), 2067-2078 (2017-09-10)
A wide variety of cell death mechanisms, such as ferroptosis, have been proposed in mammalian cells, and the classification of cell death attracts global attention because each type of cell death has the potential to play causative roles in specific
Eunice E To et al.
Scientific reports, 9(1), 2366-2366 (2019-02-23)
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes viral RNA following endocytosis of the virus and initiates a powerful immune response characterized by Type I IFN production and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Despite this immune response, the virus
Sandra Karch et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 61(14), 6121-6139 (2018-06-26)
β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a major player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Structural and functional fluorescence microscopy offers a powerful approach to learn about the physiology and pathophysiology of this protease. Up to now, however, common labeling
Jumpei Ito et al.
Science advances, 6(43) (2020-10-23)
Gene expression aberration is a hallmark of cancers, but the mechanisms underlying such aberrations remain unclear. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are genomic repetitive elements that potentially function as enhancers. Since numerous HERVs are epigenetically activated in tumors, their activation could
Guillaume Martinez et al.
Theriogenology, 131, 113-122 (2019-04-09)
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are widely used for both humans and domestic animals. In bovine species, in vitro embryo production is increasingly used and significant efforts are being made to optimize media and culture conditions. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) are lipolytic enzymes
Selma M Soyal et al.
Molecular neurobiology, 57(2), 752-764 (2019-09-01)
PPARGC1A encodes a transcriptional co-activator also termed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) which orchestrates multiple transcriptional programs. We have recently identified CNS-specific transcripts that are initiated far upstream of the reference gene (RG) promoter. The regulation of
Mads Skytte Rasmussen et al.
Autophagy, 13(5), 834-853 (2017-03-14)
The cysteine protease ATG4B cleaves off one or more C-terminal residues of the inactive proform of proteins of the ortholog and paralog LC3 and GABARAP subfamilies of yeast Atg8 to expose a C-terminal glycine that is conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine during
Dante Olofsson et al.
Radiation and environmental biophysics, 59(3), 451-460 (2020-06-04)
Many experimental studies are carried out to compare biological effectiveness of high dose rate (HDR) with that of low dose rate (LDR). The rational for this is the uncertainty regarding the value of the dose rate effectiveness factor (DREF) used
Cheng-Hsin Cheng et al.
Polymers, 13(21) (2021-11-14)
Our research was designed to evaluate the effect on bone regeneration with 3-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA) and 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, determine the more effective option for enhancing bone regeneration, and offer tentative evidence for further research
Fabian Meili et al.
American journal of human genetics, 108(1), 148-162 (2020-12-15)
SYNGAP1 is a neuronal Ras and Rap GTPase-activating protein with important roles in regulating excitatory synaptic plasticity. While many SYNGAP1 missense and nonsense mutations have been associated with intellectual disability, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), whether and how
Sin-Lih Tan et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 22(19) (2021-10-14)
The P2X4 purinergic receptor is targeted to endolysosomes, where it mediates an inward current dependent on luminal ATP and pH. Activation of P2X4 receptors was previously shown to trigger lysosome fusion, but the regulation of P2X4 receptors and their role
Charlotte E J Downes et al.
NPJ precision oncology, 5(1), 75-75 (2021-08-12)
Ruxolitinib (rux) Phase II clinical trials are underway for the treatment of high-risk JAK2-rearranged (JAK2r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Treatment resistance to targeted inhibitors in other settings is common; elucidating potential mechanisms of rux resistance in JAK2r B-ALL will
Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 21(7) (2020-04-15)
Chronic high-glucose exposure results in the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. PKCδ activation leading to ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction involved in AGE-induced cardiomyocyte
Muath Q Al-Ghadi et al.
Saudi journal of biological sciences, 27(9), 2280-2286 (2020-09-05)
Although, it has been success in the generation of animal clones from somatic cells in various animal species, the information related to nuclear reprogramming of cloned embryos is found to be limited. This study aims to compares the effect of
Chuanfang Li et al.
Experimental physiology, 105(6), 1035-1049 (2020-01-09)
What is the central question of this study? What is the role of microRNA-424-5p (miR-424-5p) in aortic smooth muscle cells? How does miR-424-5p function as a suppressor of the inflammatory response? What is the main finding and its importance? Upregulation
Chao Zhang et al.
Frontiers in pharmacology, 12, 658040-658040 (2021-07-02)
Hair loss (HL) is a common chronic problem of poorly defined etiology. Herein, we explored the functionality of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) and conditioned medium (MSC-CM) as regulators of hair follicle proliferation and regeneration, and the mechanistic basis
Miguel Chenlo et al.
EBioMedicine, 43, 537-552 (2019-04-13)
Acromegaly is produced by excess growth hormone secreted by a pituitary adenoma of somatotroph cells (ACRO). First-line therapy, surgery and adjuvant therapy with somatostatin analogs, fails in 25% of patients. There is no predictive factor of resistance to therapy. New
Gábor Lendvai et al.
Pathology oncology research : POR, 26(4), 2669-2681 (2020-07-14)
The unique character of selenium compounds, including sodium selenite and Se-methylselenocysteine (MSC), is that they exert cytotoxic effects on neoplastic cells, providing a great potential for treating cancer cells being highly resistant to cytostatic drugs. However, selenium treatment may affect
Kazuki Miura et al.
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 68(8), 753-761 (2020-08-04)
The genes GLB1 and GALC encode GLB1 isoform 1 and galactocerebrosidase, respectively, which exhibit β-galactosidase activity in human lysosomes. GLB1 isoform 1 has been reported to play roles in rare lysosomal storage diseases. Further, its β-galactosidase activity is the most
Kazuki Miura et al.
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 68(6), 526-533 (2020-06-02)
Inhibitors of human β-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase (hHEX) A and human O-GlcNAcase (hOGA) reportedly play roles in multiple diseases, suggesting their potential for pharmacological chaperone (PC) therapy of Sandhoff disease (SD) and Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), as lysosomal storage diseases, and Alzheimer's disease and
Chang Liu et al.
Cell, 184(16), 4220-4236 (2021-07-10)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has undergone progressive change, with variants conferring advantage rapidly becoming dominant lineages, e.g., B.1.617. With apparent increased transmissibility, variant B.1.617.2 has contributed to the current wave of infection ravaging the Indian subcontinent and
Immacolata Castellano et al.
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018, 2087373-2087373 (2018-06-01)
Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, both leading to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease that can be weakened by antioxidant/anti-inflammatory molecules in both healthy and diabetic subjects. Among natural molecules, ovothiol A, produced in sea urchin
Erino Matsumoto et al.
PloS one, 14(3), e0212369-e0212369 (2019-03-14)
Regenerative medicine has received a lot of attention as a novel strategy for injuries and diseases that are difficult to cure using current techniques. Cell production, which is vital for regenerative medicine, has undergone remarkable progress via breakthroughs in developmental
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