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Takashi Toyama et al.
Chemico-biological interactions, 214, 41-48 (2014-03-04)
Covalent modification of cellular proteins by electrophiles affects electrophilic signal transduction and the dysfunction of enzymes that is involved in cytotoxicity. We have recently found a unique reaction which restores glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) that has been modified by 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ)
Huadong Liu et al.
Molecular cell, 50(5), 723-735 (2013-05-28)
Lysine methylation occurs on both histone and nonhistone proteins. However, our knowledge on the prevalence and function of nonhistone protein methylation is poor. We describe an approach that combines peptide array, bioinformatics, and mass spectrometry to systematically identify lysine methylation
Monica Di Giacomo et al.
Molecular cell, 50(4), 601-608 (2013-05-28)
Transposons present an acute challenge to the germline, and mechanisms that repress their activity are essential for transgenerational genomic integrity. LINE1 (L1) is the most successful retrotransposon and is epigenetically repressed by CpG DNA methylation. Here, we identify two additional
Hikaru Tsuchiya et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 436(2), 223-229 (2013-06-04)
Ubiquitylation is an essential posttranslational protein modification that is implicated in a diverse array of cellular functions. Although cells contain eight structurally distinct types of polyubiquitin chains, detailed function of several chain types including K29-linked chains has remained largely unclear.
Muhammad Zoabi et al.
Nucleic acids research, 42(21), 13026-13038 (2014-11-08)
The JmjC-containing lysine demethylase, KDM4D, demethylates di-and tri-methylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9me3). How KDM4D is recruited to chromatin and recognizes its histone substrates remains unknown. Here, we show that KDM4D binds RNA independently of its demethylase activity.
Jeongsoon Park et al.
Molecular cell, 50(6), 919-930 (2013-06-29)
Protein function is regulated by diverse posttranslational modifications. The mitochondrial sirtuin SIRT5 removes malonyl and succinyl moieties from target lysines. The spectrum of protein substrates subject to these modifications is unknown. We report systematic profiling of the mammalian succinylome, identifying
Gurpreet Kaur Dhami et al.
Molecular cell, 50(4), 565-576 (2013-05-28)
Although Numb exhibits its tumor-suppressive function in breast cancer in part by binding to and stabilizing p53, it is unknown how the Numb-p53 interaction is regulated in cells. We found that Numb is methylated in its phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain by
Panagiotis Ntziachristos et al.
Nature, 514(7523), 513-517 (2014-08-19)
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a haematological malignancy with a dismal overall prognosis, including a relapse rate of up to 25%, mainly because of the lack of non-cytotoxic targeted therapy options. Drugs that target the function of key epigenetic
Jean-Sébastien Jouhanneau et al.
Neuron, 84(5), 1065-1078 (2014-12-03)
Neighboring cortical excitatory neurons show considerable heterogeneity in their responses to sensory stimulation. We hypothesized that a subset of layer 2 excitatory neurons in the juvenile (P18 to 27) mouse whisker somatosensory cortex, distinguished by expression of the activity-dependent fosGFP
Weixiao Liu et al.
The EMBO journal, 33(1), 46-61 (2013-12-25)
Cellular adaptation to proteotoxic stress at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) depends on Lys48-linked polyubiquitination by ER-associated ubiquitin ligases (E3s) and subsequent elimination of ubiquitinated retrotranslocation products by the proteasome. The ER-associated E3 gp78 ubiquitinates misfolded proteins by transferring preformed Lys48-linked
Methylation: a multifaceted modification - looking at transcription and beyond.
Johnathan R Whetstine
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1839(12), 1351-1352 (2014-09-17)
Audrey Letourneau et al.
Nature, 508(7496), 345-350 (2014-04-18)
Trisomy 21 is the most frequent genetic cause of cognitive impairment. To assess the perturbations of gene expression in trisomy 21, and to eliminate the noise of genomic variability, we studied the transcriptome of fetal fibroblasts from a pair of
Francesca Mattiroli et al.
Nature structural & molecular biology, 21(4), 308-316 (2014-04-05)
Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifications are central to virtually all cellular signaling pathways. They occur primarily on lysine residues of target proteins and stimulate a large number of downstream signals. The diversity of these signals depends on the type, location and
Catherine A Musselman et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1839(8), 686-693 (2014-04-15)
Lysine methylation is the most versatile covalent posttranslational modification (PTM) found in histones and non-histone proteins. Over the past decade a number of methyllysine-specific readers have been discovered and their interactions with histone tails have been structurally and biochemically characterized.
Akira Inagaki et al.
Neuron, 81(1), 91-102 (2014-01-15)
Voltage-gated ion channels exhibit complex properties, which can be targeted in pharmacological therapies for disease. Here, we report that the pro-oxidant, tert-butyl dihydroquinone (BHQ), modulates Ca(v)2.1 Ca²⁺ channels in ways that oppose defects in channel gating and synaptic transmission resulting
Wei Wan et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1844(6), 1059-1070 (2014-03-19)
The genetic incorporation of the 22nd proteinogenic amino acid, pyrrolysine (Pyl) at amber codon is achieved by the action of pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS) together with its cognate tRNA(Pyl). Unlike most aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, PylRS displays high substrate side chain promiscuity, low
Xuewei Wu et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(50), 36094-36105 (2013-11-06)
The etiology of human T cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1)-mediated adult T cell leukemia is associated with the ability of viral oncoprotein Tax to induce sustained NF-κB activation and the expression of many NF-κB target genes. Acetylation of the RelA
Li Jiao et al.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 101(1), 126-134 (2014-12-21)
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of compounds present in uncooked foods as well as in foods cooked at high temperatures. AGEs have been associated with insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation in patients with diabetes.
Haig A Eskandarian et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 341(6145), 1238858-1238858 (2013-08-03)
Pathogens dramatically affect host cell transcription programs for their own profit during infection, but in most cases, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We found that during infection with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the host deacetylase sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) translocates to
A A Zhloba et al.
Biomeditsinskaia khimiia, 59(5), 570-577 (2014-02-01)
Blood carboxypeptidases play an important role in the regulation of fibrinolysis. We have proposed here the method for the assay of blood carboxypeptidase activity associated with coagulation/fibrinolysis using the natural substrate fibrin and the detection of basic amino acids arginine
E Yildiz et al.
European journal of paediatric dentistry : official journal of European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 14(3), 209-214 (2013-12-04)
The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effects of three different caries removal techniques on the microtensile bond strength of adhesive materials to caries-affected dentin. Thirty primary molar teeth were used. The teeth were randomly divided
Jennifer C Harr et al.
The Journal of cell biology, 208(1), 33-52 (2015-01-07)
Nuclear organization has been implicated in regulating gene activity. Recently, large developmentally regulated regions of the genome dynamically associated with the nuclear lamina have been identified. However, little is known about how these lamina-associated domains (LADs) are directed to the
Rakhi Gupta et al.
Developmental biology, 395(1), 38-49 (2014-09-11)
To determine the hierarchy of transcriptional regulation within the in vivo vertebrate embryo, we examined whether developmental enhancers were influenced by Nodal signaling during early embryogenesis in Xenopus tropicalis. We find that developmental enhancers, defined by the active enhancer chromatin
Janet L Thornton et al.
Genes & development, 28(2), 115-120 (2014-01-10)
The stimulation of trimethylation of histone H3 Lys4 (H3K4) by H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub) has been widely studied, with multiple mechanisms having been proposed for this form of histone cross-talk. Cps35/Swd2 within COMPASS (complex of proteins associated with Set1) is considered
Anna Cascante et al.
Journal of molecular biology, 426(20), 3467-3477 (2014-04-22)
Neural stem cell (NSC) state and fate depend on spatially and temporally synchronized transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the expression of extrinsic signaling factors and intrinsic cell-specific genes, but the functional roles for chromatin-modifying enzymes in neural differentiation remain poorly
Atsuko Ueki et al.
Archives of microbiology, 197(1), 97-104 (2014-12-03)
A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain (WN037(T)) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor. Cells were Gram-positive rods. Strain WN037(T) was asaccharolytic. The strain fermented L-lysine in the presence of B-vitamin mixture or vitamin B12 and produced acetate and butyrate. L-arginine and
C Derek Ma et al.
Nature, 517(7534), 347-350 (2015-01-17)
The structure of water near non-polar molecular fragments or surfaces mediates the hydrophobic interactions that underlie a broad range of interfacial, colloidal and biophysical phenomena. Substantial progress over the past decade has improved our understanding of hydrophobic interactions in simple
Guo-Min Li
Cancer research, 73(21), 6379-6383 (2013-10-23)
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) maintains genome stability primarily by correcting replication-associated mismatches. Defects in MMR lead to several human cancers characterized by frequent alterations in simple repetitive DNA sequences, a phenomenon called microsatellite instability (MSI). In most MSI-positive cancers, genetic
Keisuke Miyagawa et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(16), 5950-5955 (2014-04-09)
Telomeres protect DNA ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes from degradation and fusion, and ensure complete replication of the terminal DNA through recruitment of telomerase. The regulation of telomerase is a critical area of telomere research and includes cis regulation by
Luciana R Mazzitelli et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 289(15), 10761-10768 (2014-03-04)
The transport of calcium to the extracellular space carried out by plasma membrane Ca(2+) pumps (PMCAs) is essential for maintaining low Ca(2+) concentrations in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. The activity of PMCAs is controlled by autoinhibition. Autoinhibition is relieved
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