一般描述
甜菜碱是一种两性离子季铵化合物，主要存在于动物、微生物和植物中。它是小麦、贝类、菠菜和甜菜等几种食品的主要成分之一。它也被称为三甲基甘氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸甜菜碱和甜菜素。甜菜碱是甘氨酸的甲基衍生物。它的分子量为117.2。
应用
一水甜菜碱已用于:
- 制备KLA缓冲液中以进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）
- 研究其对人醛糖还原酶Km和Vmax的影响
- 研究其在体内和体外对A549肺癌生长的影响
生化/生理作用
甜菜碱作为一种渗透剂有助于保护细胞、蛋白质和酶免受环境压力。它还可充当甲基供体，参与蛋氨酸循环。。
胆碱氧化代谢的终产物，甜菜碱是一个普遍的甲基供体，特别是在蛋氨酸生物合成的次要途径。用于治疗蛋氨酸生物合成主要途径缺陷的同型胱氨酸尿症。
储存分类代码
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 1
闪点(°F)
Not applicable
闪点(°C)
Not applicable
个人防护装备
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
Anirban Purohit et al.
Biophysical journal, 120(1), 73-85 (2020-11-23)
Sliding clamps are oligomeric ring-shaped proteins that increase the efficiency of DNA replication. The stability of the Escherichia coli β-clamp, a homodimer, is particularly remarkable. The dissociation equilibrium constant of the β-clamp is of the order of 10 pM in
Study of the effects of betaine and/or C-phycocyanin on the growth of lung cancer A549 cells in vitro and in vivo
Bingula R, et al.
Journal of Oncology, 2016 (2016)
Wnt-dependent β-catenin signaling is activated after unilateral ureteral obstruction, and recombinant secreted frizzled-related protein 4 alters the progression of renal fibrosis.
Surendran K, et al.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 16(8), 2373-2384 (2005)
Factors affecting counteraction by methylamines of urea effects on aldose reductase
Burg MB, et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 96(11), 6517-6522 (1999)
Stuart A S Craig
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 80(3), 539-549 (2004-08-24)
Betaine is distributed widely in animals, plants, and microorganisms, and rich dietary sources include seafood, especially marine invertebrates ( approximately 1%); wheat germ or bran ( approximately 1%); and spinach ( approximately 0.7%). The principal physiologic role of betaine is
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