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一般描述
甜菜碱是一种两性离子季铵化合物，主要存在于动物、微生物和植物中。它是小麦、贝类、菠菜和甜菜等几种食品的主要成分之一。它也被称为三甲基甘氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸甜菜碱和甜菜素。甜菜碱是甘氨酸的甲基衍生物。它的分子量为117.2。
应用
一水甜菜碱已用于:
- 制备KLA缓冲液中以进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）
- 研究其对人醛糖还原酶Km和Vmax的影响
- 研究其在体内和体外对A549肺癌生长的影响
生化/生理作用
甜菜碱作为一种渗透剂有助于保护细胞、蛋白质和酶免受环境压力。它还可充当甲基供体，参与蛋氨酸循环。。
胆碱氧化代谢的终产物，甜菜碱是一个普遍的甲基供体，特别是在蛋氨酸生物合成的次要途径。用于治疗蛋氨酸生物合成主要途径缺陷的同型胱氨酸尿症。
储存分类代码
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 1
闪点(°F)
Not applicable
闪点(°C)
Not applicable
个人防护装备
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
Study of the effects of betaine and/or C-phycocyanin on the growth of lung cancer A549 cells in vitro and in vivo
Bingula R, et al.
Journal of Oncology, 2016 (2016)
Anirban Purohit et al.
Biophysical journal, 120(1), 73-85 (2020-11-23)
Sliding clamps are oligomeric ring-shaped proteins that increase the efficiency of DNA replication. The stability of the Escherichia coli β-clamp, a homodimer, is particularly remarkable. The dissociation equilibrium constant of the β-clamp is of the order of 10 pM in
Wnt-dependent β-catenin signaling is activated after unilateral ureteral obstruction, and recombinant secreted frizzled-related protein 4 alters the progression of renal fibrosis.
Surendran K, et al.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 16(8), 2373-2384 (2005)
Factors affecting counteraction by methylamines of urea effects on aldose reductase
Burg MB, et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 96(11), 6517-6522 (1999)
Stuart A S Craig
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 80(3), 539-549 (2004-08-24)
Betaine is distributed widely in animals, plants, and microorganisms, and rich dietary sources include seafood, especially marine invertebrates ( approximately 1%); wheat germ or bran ( approximately 1%); and spinach ( approximately 0.7%). The principal physiologic role of betaine is
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