NOGGIN was first identified in the Xenopus embryos in an expression screen for activities that induce dorsal structures. It is a glycoprotein that is released as a homodimer. This protein is expressed during Xenopus gastrula stage. NOGGIN shows major expression in the central nervous system and is also expressed in lung, skin, skeletal muscle, cartilage, and bone. Recombinant murine Noggin is a 46.4 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of two 206 amino acid polypeptide chains.

NOGGIN from mouse has been used as a supplement in the knockout serum replacement constituting the embryoid body medium containing DMEM/F-12. It has also been used as a supplement in PPC (photoreceptor progenitor cell) intermediate medium.

NOGGIN proteins interact with BMPs (bone morphogenetic protein) and inhibit the activation of BMPRs. In Xenopus gastrula stage, NOGGIN is released by the Spemann organizer, and stimulates neural tissue from dorsal ectoderm by inhibiting ectodermal BMPs. In mouse embryo, this protein is not essential for neural induction, but is crucial for the later development of the neural tube, somite, and cartilage morphogenesis. Double homozygous mutant mice of NOGGIN and CHORDIN show prosencephalon developmental defects. In vitro it functions as a negative regulator of neuronal differentiation of neocortical precursors.

Noggin belongs to a group of diffusible proteins which bind to ligands of the TGF-β family and regulate their activity by inhibiting their access to signaling receptors. Recombinant murine Noggin is a 46.4 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of two 206 amino acid polypeptide chains.

MQHYLHIRPA PSDNLPLVDL IEHPDPIFDP KEKDLNETLL RSLLGGHYDP GFMATSPPED RPGGGGGPAG GAEDLAELDQ LLRQRPSGAM PSEIKGLEFS EGLAQGKKQR LSKKLRRKLQ MWLWSQTFCP VLYAWNDLGS RFWPRYVKVG SCFSKRSCSV PEGMVCKPSK SVHLTVLRWR CQRRGGQRCG WIPIQYPIIS ECKCSC

Lyophilized with no additives.

Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. This solution can be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 week. For extended storage, it is recommended to further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein (example 0.1% BSA) and store in working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C.