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Pedro E Marques et al.
Developmental cell, 50(3), 283-295 (2019-06-25)
Scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1), the main receptor for high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is key in preventing atherosclerosis. It removes cholesterol from HDL, returning the lipid-poor lipoprotein to the circulation. To study the mechanisms controlling SR-B1 dynamics at the plasma membrane and
Jarrod R Fortwendel et al.
Eukaryotic cell, 11(8), 966-977 (2012-05-09)
Ras is a highly conserved GTPase protein that is essential for proper polarized morphogenesis of filamentous fungi. Localization of Ras proteins to the plasma membrane and endomembranes through posttranslational addition of farnesyl and palmitoyl residues is an important mechanism through
Meng-Die Li et al.
iScience, 26(9), 107561-107561 (2023-09-04)
Palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs) have been suggested to be involved in learning and memory. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we found that the activity of DHHC2 was upregulated in the hippocampus after fear conditioning, and
Annarita Ciana et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1828(3), 924-931 (2012-12-12)
Erythrocyte lipid rafts are anchored to the underlying spectrin membrane skeleton [A. Ciana, C. Achilli, C. Balduini, G. Minetti, On the association of lipid rafts to the spectrin skeleton in human erythrocytes, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1808 (2011) 183-190]. The nature
Ryouhei Tsutsumi et al.
Molecular and cellular biology, 29(2), 435-447 (2008-11-13)
The heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit (Galpha) is targeted to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane through reversible lipid palmitoylation and relays signals from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to its effectors. By screening 23 DHHC motif (Asp-His-His-Cys) palmitoyl acyl-transferases, we
Stephanie A Amici et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 287(27), 23119-23127 (2012-05-18)
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) cell surface expression levels are modulated during nicotine dependence and multiple disorders of the nervous system, but the mechanisms underlying nAChR trafficking remain unclear. To determine the role of cysteine residues, including their palmitoylation, on neuronal
Linghui Ma et al.
Journal of orthopaedic translation, 42, 1-14 (2023-07-31)
Excessive osteoclast formation disrupts bone homeostasis, thereby significantly contributing to pathological bone loss associated with a variety of diseases. Protein S-palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational lipid modification catalyzed by ZDHHC family of palmitoyl acyltransferases, which plays an important role in
Katrina Mekhail et al.
Journal of lipid research, 63(9), 100256-100256 (2022-08-04)
The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other coronaviruses mediates host cell entry and is S-acylated on multiple phylogenetically conserved cysteine residues. Multiple protein acyltransferase enzymes have been reported to post-translationally modify spike proteins; however
Joel Berger et al.
Annual review of medicine, 53, 409-435 (2002-01-31)
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of three nuclear receptor isoforms, PPAR gamma, PPAR alpha, and PPAR delta, encoded by different genes. PPARs are ligand-regulated transcription factors that control gene expression by binding to specific response elements (PPREs)
Xiaoqing Fan et al.
Oncogenesis, 10(10), 72-72 (2021-10-29)
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly of the primary intracranial tumors and is comprised of subsets that show plasticity and marked heterogeneity, contributing to the lack of success in genomic profiling to guide development of precision medicine for
Wenwen Li et al.
BMC medicine, 21(1), 223-223 (2023-06-27)
The identification of pathogenic mutations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) causal genes led to a better understanding of the pathobiology of AD. Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) is known to be associated with mutations in the APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes involved
Akriti Kharbanda et al.
Science signaling, 13(621) (2020-03-05)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often characterized by mutually exclusive mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or the guanosine triphosphatase KRAS. We hypothesized that blocking EGFR palmitoylation, previously shown to inhibit EGFR activity, might alter downstream signaling
Tomasz Szkudelski et al.
Life sciences, 89(13-14), 450-455 (2011-08-09)
Fatty acids are involved in the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes; however, this regulatory action is unclear. The present study aimed to determine the short-term influence of palmitate and its non-metabolisable analogue, 2-bromopalmitate, on the lipolytic activity of adipocytes. Freshly
T Szkudelski et al.
Physiological research, 60(3), 521-530 (2011-03-16)
Adiponectin belongs to the group of biologically active substances secreted by adipocytes and referred to as adipokines. Disturbances in its secretion and/or action are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of some metabolic diseases. However, regulation of adiponectin secretion
Aurore D Levy et al.
Molecular biology of the cell, 22(11), 1930-1942 (2011-04-08)
Protein palmitoylation is a reversible lipid modification that plays critical roles in protein sorting and targeting to specific cellular compartments. The neuronal microtubule-regulatory phosphoproteins of the stathmin family (SCG10/stathmin 2, SCLIP/stathmin 3, and RB3/stathmin 4) are peripheral proteins that fulfill
Yi Jiang et al.
Science signaling, 16(814), eadd2282-eadd2282 (2023-12-06)
Constitutive activation of the transcription factor STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) contributes to the malignancy of many cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor prognosis. STAT3 activity is increased by the reversible palmitoylation
David W Sanders et al.
eLife, 10 (2021-04-24)
Many enveloped viruses induce multinucleated cells (syncytia), reflective of membrane fusion events caused by the same machinery that underlies viral entry. These syncytia are thought to facilitate replication and evasion of the host immune response. Here, we report that co-culture
Francisco Garcia-Oscos et al.
Biological psychiatry, 71(7), 574-582 (2011-12-27)
Although it is known that stress elevates the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes hyper-excitable central conditions, a causal relationship between these two factors has not yet been identified. Recent studies suggest that increases in interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels are
Abiy M Mohammed et al.
Biochemical pharmacology, 85(1), 109-114 (2012-10-25)
Phagocyte-like NADPH oxidase (Nox2) has been shown to play regulatory roles in the metabolic dysfunction of the islet β-cell under the duress of glucolipotoxic conditions and exposure to proinflammatory cytokines. However, the precise mechanisms underlying Nox2 activation by these stimuli
Eric Cortada et al.
Journal of cell science, 134(6) (2021-02-20)
The voltage-gated sodium channel is critical for cardiomyocyte function. It consists of a protein complex comprising a pore-forming α subunit and associated β subunits. In polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, we show evidence by acyl-biotin exchange that β2 is S-acylated
James D Foster et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 286(7), 5175-5186 (2010-12-02)
Palmitoylation is a lipid modification that confers diverse functions to target proteins and is a contributing factor for many neuronal diseases. In this study, we demonstrate using [(3)H]palmitic acid labeling and acyl-biotinyl exchange that native and expressed dopamine transporters (DATs)
Caglar Gök et al.
Cell reports, 31(10), 107697-107697 (2020-06-11)
The transmembrane sodium-calcium (Na-Ca) exchanger 1 (NCX1) regulates cytoplasmic Ca levels by facilitating electrogenic exchange of Ca for Na. Palmitoylation, the only reversible post-translational modification known to modulate NCX1 activity, controls NCX1 inactivation. Here, we show that palmitoylation of NCX1
Jing Lu et al.
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 294(5), G1181-G1190 (2008-03-22)
We have shown earlier that platelet-activating factor (PAF) causes apoptosis in enterocytes via a mechanism that involves Bax translocation to mitochondria, followed by caspase activation and DNA fragmentation. Herein we report that, in rat small intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6), these
Hiromi Oku et al.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology, 152(4), 370-375 (2009-01-27)
To determine whether external factors affect the adipogenic function of fish adipocytes, the effects of 2-bromopalmitate (a PPAR agonist) on the fatty acid composition in differentiating adipocytes of red sea bream were investigated in vitro. In the presence of 2-bromopalmitate
Wan Du et al.
Cancer discovery, 11(7), 1826-1843 (2021-02-26)
Mutations in IFN and MHC signaling genes endow immunotherapy resistance. Patients with colorectal cancer infrequently exhibit IFN and MHC signaling gene mutations and are generally resistant to immunotherapy. In exploring the integrity of IFN and MHC signaling in colorectal cancer
Shan He et al.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP, 155(2), 381-388 (2011-11-15)
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor family, and can regulate various genes involved in lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the tissue distribution patterns of PPARs and
Yuko Fukata et al.
The Journal of cell biology, 202(1), 145-161 (2013-07-10)
Distinct PSD-95 clusters are primary landmarks of postsynaptic densities (PSDs), which are specialized membrane regions for synapses. However, the mechanism that defines the locations of PSD-95 clusters and whether or how they are reorganized inside individual dendritic spines remains controversial.
Arathi Nair et al.
Journal of cell communication and signaling, 17(3), 1009-1021 (2023-05-01)
Ras GTPases are central to cellular signaling and oncogenesis. The three loci of the Ras gene encode for four protein isoforms namely Harvey-Ras (H-Ras), Kirsten-Ras (K-Ras 4A and 4B), and Neuroblastoma-Ras (N-Ras) which share ~ 80% sequence similarity and used to be
Benjamin C Jennings et al.
Journal of lipid research, 50(2), 233-242 (2008-10-02)
Pharmacologic approaches to studying palmitoylation are limited by the lack of specific inhibitors. Recently, screens have revealed five chemical classes of small molecules that inhibit cellular processes associated with palmitoylation (Ducker, C. E., L. K. Griffel, R. A. Smith, S.
Gareth M Thomas et al.
Neuron, 73(3), 482-496 (2012-02-14)
Palmitoylation, a key regulatory mechanism controlling protein targeting, is catalyzed by DHHC-family palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs). Impaired PAT activity is linked to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, suggesting critical roles for palmitoylation in neuronal function. However, few substrates for specific PATs are
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