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H H Emmen et al.
Toxicology letters, 140-141, 249-259 (2003-04-05)
The objective of this study was to establish the possible occurrence of eye irritation and subjective symptoms in human volunteers exposed to propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) vapour at concentrations of 0, 100 and 150 ppm. Testing was conducted in
Catherine Tomicic et al.
Toxicology letters, 202(3), 218-225 (2011-03-01)
The aim of the study was to quantify the variability on biological indicators of exposure between men and women for three well known solvents: methyl ethyl ketone, 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Another purpose was to explore the effect of selected CYP2E1
Lumír O Hanus et al.
Phytochemistry, 63(8), 869-875 (2003-08-05)
A new trinorsesterterpene glycoside was isolated from the ethanol extract of the American fern Woodwardia virginica having a 3-[6-(4,8-dimethyl-nona-1,3,7-trienyl)-4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl]-3-hydroxypropionic acid, as the aglycone and a saccharide moiety linked at C-4 to glucoses, xylose or arabinofuranose. The structure was elucidated using
C R Kirman et al.
Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 25(2), 271-284 (2005-05-07)
Reference values, including an oral reference dose (RfD) and an inhalation reference concentration (RfC), were derived for propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME), and an oral RfD was derived for its acetate (PGMEA). These values were based on transient sedation observed
Emmanuel Lemazurier et al.
Toxicology and industrial health, 21(1-2), 33-40 (2005-07-01)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) is widely used as a solvent in numerous commercial products. Its chemical synthesis leads to the formation of two isomers: alpha and beta, the latter being usually present in the range of 0.5-1.5%. Isomer alpha
R A Corley et al.
Toxicology letters, 156(1), 193-213 (2005-02-12)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PM), along with its acetate, is the most widely used of the propylene glycol ether family of solvents. The most common toxic effects of PM observed in animal studies include sedation, very slight alpha(2u)-globulin mediated nephropathy
Simon C Wilkinson et al.
International archives of occupational and environmental health, 75(8), 519-527 (2002-10-10)
To determine effects of experimental variables on the dermal absorption of 2-ethoxyethanol (EE), 2-butoxyethanol (BE) and 1-methoxy-2-propanol (M2P) through human skin in vitro. Percutaneous absorption of EE, BE and M2P, in aqueous solution (3 mg ml(-1), 200 microl) or undiluted
J Y Domoradzki et al.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 75(1), 31-39 (2003-07-15)
The kinetic equivalency of propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), derived from propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), as well as the parent compound (PGME) following intravenous administration to Fischer 344 rats was evaluated. In addition, in vitro hydrolysis rates of
Nancy B Hopf et al.
Toxicology letters, 211(1), 77-84 (2012-03-17)
Aging adults represent the fastest growing population segment in many countries. Physiological and metabolic changes in the aging process may alter how aging adults biologically respond to pollutants. In a controlled human toxicokinetic study (exposure chamber; 12 m³), aging volunteers
Jeffrey Dill et al.
Inhalation toxicology, 16(5), 271-290 (2004-09-17)
Propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether (PGMBE) is a widely used solvent in industry and in consumer products, posing a potential for human exposure via inhalation or dermal routes. Toxicokinetic studies were conducted on F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of both sexes
Influence of acid-base properties of ZnMgAl-mixed oxides for the synthesis of 1-methoxy-2-propanol.
Cheng W, et al.
Applied Clay Science, 42(1), 111-115 (2008)
Biodegradation of glycol ethers in soil.
Gonsior SJ and West RJ.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry / Setac, 14(8), 1273-1279 (1995)
Robrecht Thoonen et al.
Nature communications, 6, 8482-8482 (2015-10-08)
Oxidative stress, a central mediator of cardiovascular disease, results in loss of the prosthetic haem group of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), preventing its activation by nitric oxide (NO). Here we introduce Apo-sGC mice expressing haem-free sGC. Apo-sGC mice are viable
Rei Momose et al.
Organic letters, 15(8), 2010-2013 (2013-04-11)
Three new alkaloids, hyrtimomines A-C (1-3), were isolated from an Okinawan marine sponge Hyrtios sp. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and application of a phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method. Hyrtimomines A (1) and
E W Carney et al.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 71(2), 217-228 (2003-02-04)
Commercial grade propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), which is composed of > 99.5% alpha-isomer and < 0.5% beta-isomer, has been shown in several studies to have a low potential for developmental toxicity. Nonetheless, questions have been raised about potential human
International journal of toxicology, 27 Suppl 2, 25-39 (2008-10-10)
Methoxyisopropanol and Methoxyisopropyl Acetate, commonly known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), respectively, have fragrance, solvent, and viscosity-decreasing functions in cosmetics, although only Methoxyisopropanol is in current use at concentrations ranging from 4%
Gaurav Agrawal et al.
Journal of chromatography. A, 1360, 196-208 (2014-08-17)
In this article, we extend the simulated moving bed reactor (SMBR) mode of operation to the production of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (DOWANOL™ PMA glycol ether) through the esterification of 1-methoxy-2-propanol (DOWANOL™ PM glycol ether) and acetic acid using
H C Shih et al.
Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene, 9(7), 427-436 (2012-06-02)
A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device was used as a diffusive sampler for airborne propylene glycol ethers (PGEs), including propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), and dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPGME). Carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) SPME fiber was
Hitoshi Ogihara et al.
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 4(9), 4891-4897 (2012-08-21)
Patterned carbon nanotube (CNT)/acrylic resin composite films were prepared using microcontact printing (μCP). To prepare ink for μCP, CNTs were dispersed into propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) solution in which acrylic resin and a commercially available dispersant (Disperbyk-2001) dissolved.
Juha Laitinen et al.
Toxicology letters, 162(2-3), 186-194 (2005-11-18)
Floor lacquerers' inhalation and total exposure to 1-alkoxy-2-propanols and 1-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol (DPGME) were measured. The total exposure was biomonitored by urinalysis of free unchanged 1-alkoxy-2-propanols and DPGME. The floor lacquerers' 8-h inhalation exposures to 1-methoxy-2-propanol (PGME), 1-butoxy-2-propanol (PGBE) and DPGME were
Catherine Tomicic et al.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 396(7), 2709-2714 (2010-02-16)
Glycol ethers still continue to be a workplace hazard due to their important use on an industrial scale. Currently, chronic occupational exposures to low levels of xenobiotics become increasingly relevant. Thus, sensitive analytical methods for detecting biomarkers of exposure are
Yanqin Gao et al.
The Journal of chemical physics, 142(21), 214505-214505 (2015-06-08)
The dielectric relaxations in six primary and secondary alkoxy alcohols with varying molecular size and different separation between -O- and hydroxyl group are studied at temperatures around glass transition. The analyses of the apparent full width at half maximum of
Juergen Brieger et al.
Toxicology letters, 177(2), 138-143 (2008-02-26)
To evaluate the impact of 1-methoxypropanol-2 (MEP) for the stimulation of an inflammatory response in human respiratory mucosa, we exposed 22 primary cell cultures of nasal respiratory epithelia of healthy individuals to MEP concentrations at the level of the German
A Muttray et al.
Toxicology letters, 220(2), 187-192 (2013-04-30)
The German MAK value of 1-methoxypropanol-2 has been fixed at 100 ppm. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible acute effects of an exposure to 100 ppm 1-methoxypropanol-2 on the upper airways of human subjects. Twenty subjects were
Pamela J Spencer et al.
Toxicologic pathology, 30(5), 570-579 (2002-10-10)
A series of inhalation studies with propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) vapor were undertaken to characterize its subchronic toxicity in mice and chronic toxicity/oncogenicity in rats and mice. Groups of male and female Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice were
S R Vink et al.
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 58(1), 64-71 (2010-04-17)
REACH requests the exploration of alternative strategies for hazard identification before resorting to (in vivo) testing. Here, we combined read-across as non-testing strategy with a tiered exposure assessment for the risk characterisation of 1-methoxypropan-2-ol (PGME) as a representative for phase-in
C Y Chen et al.
Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission, 85(4), 231-240 (2010-07-16)
Propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME) exhibits excellent solvent and coupling properties. A toxicity database provided evidence suggesting that PGME might be a useful substitute for xylene in histotechnology and histochemistry applications. Tissue specimens were fixed, cleared in either PGME or
W R Berendsen et al.
Biotechnology and bioengineering, 95(5), 883-892 (2006-08-29)
Lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemates is a popular method for synthesis of chiral synthons. Most of these resolutions are reversible equilibrium limited reactions. For the first time, an extensive kinetic model is proposed for kinetic resolution reactions, which takes into
P J Boogaard
Human & experimental toxicology, 27(4), 297-305 (2008-08-08)
Dermal exposure is an important factor in risk characterization. In occupational settings it becomes relatively more important because of the continuous reduction in inhalation exposure. In the public health arena, dermal exposure may also form a significant contribution to the
Fujio Ishizawa et al.
Chudoku kenkyu : Chudoku Kenkyukai jun kikanshi = The Japanese journal of toxicology, 18(1), 69-76 (2005-04-23)
Low concentrations of gas components usually need to be condensed before analyzing them by gas chromatography (GC). Extraction Needle using Selective and Enhanced Polymer (EN-SEP) is a recently developed devise for condensing the components that are difficult to detect by
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