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Maria Fernanda Pascutti et al.
PLoS pathogens, 11(3), e1004675-e1004675 (2015-03-05)
Chronic infections are characterized by the inability to eliminate the persisting pathogen and often associated with functional impairment of virus-specific T-cell responses. Costimulation through Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) can increase survival and function of effector T cells. Here, we report
Sébastien Sart et al.
Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods, 21(4), 356-366 (2014-09-05)
Neural progenitor cells are usually derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) through the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs), the three-dimensional (3D) aggregate-like structure mimicking embryonic development. Cryo-banking of EBs is a critical step for sample storage, process monitoring, and preservation
Yishan Yang et al.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 128, 577-585 (2015-03-25)
Exposure of Salmonella to environmental stress, prior to its adherence to a food contact surface, may change the cell surface properties and consequently affect its initial attachment and biofilm formation. This study investigated the influence of temperature and pH preacclimation
Jana Hagen et al.
Nature communications, 5, 5375-5375 (2014-11-18)
Schistosomiasis, one of the most important neglected tropical diseases worldwide, is caused by flatworms (blood flukes or schistosomes) that live in the bloodstream of humans. The hepatointestinal form of this debilitating disease results from a chronic infection with Schistosoma mansoni
Kjell Arild Danielsen et al.
Acta oto-laryngologica, 136(1), 109-112 (2015-09-26)
Biofilms were more prevalent in patients with CRSwNP compared to both CRSsNP and controls, and also on the ethmoid bulla compared to the middle turbinate, supporting a biofilm-related pathogenesis of CRSwNP. To investigate the prevalence of biofilms in patients with
Leigh Boardman et al.
Journal of insect physiology, 82, 75-84 (2015-09-17)
Biochemical adaptations allow insects to withstand exposures to hypoxia and/or hypothermia. Exposure to hypoxia may interact either synergistically or antagonistically with standard low temperature stress responses yet this has not been systematically researched and no clear mechanism has been identified
Rikio Yabe et al.
International immunology, 27(4), 169-181 (2014-10-27)
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a typical occupational disease in industrialized countries. Although various cytokines and chemokines are suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of ACD, the roles of these molecules remain to be elucidated. CC chemokine receptor 8
Ali Adem Bahar et al.
Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 99(19), 8125-8135 (2015-05-28)
Antimicrobial dendrimeric peptides (AMDP) are a relatively new class of agents displaying repetitive functional groups on a branched core. Previously, we have investigated the length requirement for antimicrobial activity of peptides consisting of repeated arginine (R) and tryptophan (W) side
Peter R Atsatt et al.
PloS one, 9(4), e95266-e95266 (2014-04-30)
Diverse fungi live all or part of their life cycle inside plants as asymptomatic endophytes. While endophytic fungi are increasingly recognized as significant components of plant fitness, it is unclear how they interact with plant cells; why they occur throughout
Masakaze Hamada et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 196(22), 3881-3889 (2014-09-04)
For bacteria, many studies have focused on the role of respiratory enzymes in energy conservation; however, their effect on cell behavior is poorly understood. Pseudomonas aeruginosa can perform both aerobic respiration and denitrification. Previous studies demonstrated that cbb3-type cytochrome c
Neil Romberg et al.
The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 136(5), 1315-1325 (2015-06-24)
Heterozygous C104R or A181E TNF receptor superfamily member 13b (TNFRSF13B) mutations impair removal of autoreactive B cells, weaken B-cell activation, and convey to patients with common variable immune deficiency (CVID) an increased risk for autoimmunity. How mutant transmembrane activator and
Yoshika Suzawa et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 16(6), 14245-14258 (2015-06-26)
Hydroxyapatite (HA) or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formed on an organic polymer of agarose gel is a biomaterial that can be used for bone tissue regeneration. However, in critical bone defects, the regeneration capability of these materials is limited. Mesenchymal stem
Laurent Gorvel et al.
PloS one, 9(6), e99420-e99420 (2014-06-11)
Dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate host defenses against microorganisms. In infectious diseases due to intracellular bacteria, the inefficiency of the immune system to eradicate microorganisms has been attributed to the hijacking of DC functions. In this study, we selected intracellular bacterial
Adam K Wheatley et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 195(2), 602-610 (2015-06-17)
Because of significant viral diversity, vaccines that elicit durable and broad protection against influenza have been elusive. Recent research has focused on the potential of highly conserved regions of the viral hemagglutinin (HA) as targets for broadly neutralizing Ab responses.
Raymond N Allan et al.
PloS one, 9(9), e107015-e107015 (2014-09-05)
Streptococcus pneumoniae accounts for a significant global burden of morbidity and mortality and biofilm development is increasingly recognised as important for colonization and infection. Analysis of protein expression patterns during biofilm development may therefore provide valuable insights to the understanding
Ngo Vy Thao et al.
Marine environmental research, 109, 95-102 (2015-06-27)
The biodegradation of proteins in seawater requires various proteases which are commonly thought to be mainly derived from heterotrophic bacteria. We, however, found that protists showed a high protease activity and continuously produced trypsin-type enzymes. The free-living marine heterotrophic ciliate
Laura M Breshears et al.
BMC microbiology, 15, 276-276 (2015-12-15)
The vaginal microbiota can impact the susceptibility of women to bacterial vaginosis (BV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). BV is characterized by depletion of Lactobacillus spp., an overgrowth of anaerobes (often dominated by Gardnerella vaginalis) and a pH > 4.5. BV is
Alice Cheng et al.
Biofabrication, 6(4), 045007-045007 (2014-10-08)
Additive manufacturing by laser sintering is able to produce high resolution metal constructs for orthopedic and dental implants. In this study, we used a human trabecular bone template to design and manufacture Ti-6Al-4V constructs with varying porosity via laser sintering.
Guobao Chen et al.
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 7(29), 15790-15802 (2015-07-08)
A growing body of evidence has shown that extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness can modulate stem cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and signaling. Stem cells can feel and respond sensitively to the mechanical microenvironment of the ECM. However, most studies have
Manuela Carvalheiro et al.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V, 93, 346-352 (2015-05-06)
Leishmaniasis, a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by Leishmania protozoa, is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in terms of drug discovery and development. Current treatment is based on a limited number of chemotherapeutic agents all of which present either/or
Ton Yoisungnern et al.
Scientific reports, 5, 11170-11170 (2015-06-09)
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have many features that make them attractive as medical devices, especially in therapeutic agents and drug delivery systems. Here we have introduced AgNPs into mouse spermatozoa and then determined the cytotoxic effects of AgNPs on sperm function
Gloria Omosa-Manyonyi et al.
PloS one, 10(5), e0125954-e0125954 (2015-05-12)
Sequential prime-boost or co-administration of HIV vaccine candidates based on an adjuvanted clade B p24, RT, Nef, p17 fusion protein (F4/AS01) plus a non-replicating adenovirus 35 expressing clade A Gag, RT, Int and Nef (Ad35-GRIN) may lead to a unique
Na-Young Choi et al.
BioMed research international, 2015, 239519-239519 (2015-08-08)
In this study, we used ethanol extract of A. princeps and investigated its antibacterial effects against MRSA. Ethanol extract of A. princeps significantly inhibited MRSA growth and organic acid production during glucose metabolism at concentrations greater than 1 mg/mL (P < 0.05). MRSA
Tomokazu Sumida et al.
Nature communications, 6, 6241-6241 (2015-02-27)
Hypertension induces structural remodelling of arteries, which leads to arteriosclerosis and end-organ damage. Hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and infiltration of immune cells are the hallmark of hypertensive arterial remodelling. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of arterial remodelling
Cornelia Frese et al.
Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 72(5), 321-330 (2014-01-23)
Currently, there are many fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs) available which differ in the type and volume fraction of fibres, pre-treatment of fibres and matrix composition. The aims of this in vitro investigation were to determine whether there is a difference in
Xiaodong Ma et al.
Nature communications, 6, 7151-7151 (2015-05-21)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate apoptosis, yet their role in regulated necrosis remains unknown. miR-21 is overexpressed in nearly all human cancer types and its role as an oncogene is suggested to largely depend on its anti-apoptotic action. Here we show that
Guo-Jyun Lai et al.
Carbohydrate polymers, 111, 288-297 (2014-07-20)
Nanofibrous membrane scaffolds of chitosan (CS), silk fibroin (SF) and CS/SF blend were prepared by electrospinning and studied for growth and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The morphology and physico-chemical properties of all membrane scaffolds
Nathan W Schmidt et al.
ACS nano, 8(9), 8786-8793 (2014-08-19)
Most antibiotics target growth processes and are ineffective against persister bacterial cells, which tolerate antibiotics due to their reduced metabolic activity. These persisters act as a genetic reservoir for resistant mutants and constitute a root cause of antibiotic resistance, a
Justine M Pompey et al.
PloS one, 10(7), e0133740-e0133740 (2015-08-01)
Dicer enzymes process double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into small RNAs that target gene silencing through the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. Dicer enzymes are complex, multi-domain RNaseIII proteins, however structural minimalism of this protein has recently emerged in parasitic and fungal systems.
Carmen Elena Gómez et al.
PloS one, 10(11), e0141456-e0141456 (2015-11-07)
Previous studies suggested that poxvirus-based vaccines might be instrumental in the therapeutic HIV field. A phase I clinical trial was conducted in HIV-1-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), with CD4 T cell counts above 450 cells/mm3 and undetectable
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