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Jiafeng Geng et al.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 544, 18-26 (2013-12-04)
L-Tryptophan is an essential amino acid for mammals. It is utilized not only for protein synthesis but also for the biosynthesis of serotonin and melatonin by the serotonin pathway as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by the kynurenine pathway. Although
Phedias Diamandis et al.
Nature chemical biology, 3(5), 268-273 (2007-04-10)
The identification of self-renewing and multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) in the mammalian brain holds promise for the treatment of neurological diseases and has yielded new insight into brain cancer. However, the complete repertoire of signaling pathways that governs the
Iron(IV)hydroxide pK(a) and the role of thiolate ligation in C-H bond activation by cytochrome P450.
Timothy H Yosca et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6160), 825-829 (2013-11-16)
Cytochrome P450 enzymes activate oxygen at heme iron centers to oxidize relatively inert substrate carbon-hydrogen bonds. Cysteine thiolate coordination to iron is posited to increase the pK(a) (where K(a) is the acid dissociation constant) of compound II, an iron(IV)hydroxide complex
Ingvar J Rognum et al.
Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 73(2), 115-122 (2014-01-16)
Forensic biomarkers are needed in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to help identify this group among other sudden unexpected deaths in infancy. Previously, we reported multiple serotonergic (5-HT) abnormalities in nuclei of the medulla oblongata that help mediate protective responses
Man Qiao et al.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 30(7), 1159-1166 (2015-03-05)
A simple and sensitive resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectra method was developed for the determination of calf thymus DNA (ctDNA). The enhanced RRS signals were based on the interactions between ctDNA and aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) including kanamycin (KANA), tobramycin (TOB)
J M Garcia et al.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 98(6), 2422-2429 (2013-04-06)
In the absence of panhypopituitarism and low serum IGF-I levels, the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency (AGHD) requires confirmation with a GH stimulation test. Macimorelin is a novel, orally active ghrelin mimetic that stimulates GH secretion. The objective of the
Semra Isik et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 19(6), 1662-1665 (2009-02-24)
The protein encoded by the Nce103 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a beta-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) designated as scCA, was investigated for its activation with amines and amino acids. scCA was poorly activated by amino acids such as l-/d-His, Phe
Jian Jin et al.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 95(12), 2501-2509 (2014-11-05)
Under the situation that the shortage of proteins and large quantity of corn gluten meal (CGM), which is a superior protein resource, is under-exploited, the enzymatic hydrolysis of CGM was employed to improve its bioavailability because of its special amino
Minh Truong Do et al.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 280(1), 138-148 (2014-08-12)
Induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and CYP1B1 by environmental xenobiotic chemicals or endogenous ligands through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been implicated in a variety of cellular processes related to cancer, such as transformation and
Naoko Kanda et al.
Biochemistry, 52(25), 4296-4307 (2013-06-19)
Tryptophan is hydrophobic, bulky, and the rarest amino acid found in nutrients. Accordingly, the import machinery can be specialized evolutionarily. Our previous study in Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated that tryptophan import by the high-affinity tryptophan permease Tat2 is accompanied by a
M Diksic
Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 26(4), 293-303 (2001-10-10)
The alpha-methyl-L-trypotophan (alpha-MTrp) method for the study of the brain serotonergic system is based on the fact that labelled alpha-MTrp is taken up by and, in part, retained in the brain, and this retention (trapping) is proportional to brain serotonin
Abdulla Badawy
Psychopharmacology, 228(3), 347-358 (2013-07-06)
Current amino acid (AA) mixtures used in acute tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) plus phenylalanine (Phe) depletion and loading tests are unpalatable and lack specificity. Specificity is improved by reducing content of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and palatability to a
Sarah M Barry et al.
Methods in enzymology, 516, 171-194 (2012-10-05)
There is a truly vast quantity of research articles and textbooks, aimed at a variety of audiences, on cytochromes P450. However, a large amount of specialized terminology has become associated with these enzymes, which can be daunting to those new
Liping Zhang et al.
FEBS letters, 587(22), 3681-3686 (2013-10-09)
The antineoplastic target aldo-keto reductase family member 1B10 (AKR1B10) and the critical polyol pathway enzyme aldose reductase (AKR1B1) share high structural similarity. Crystal structures reported here reveal a surprising Trp112 native conformation stabilized by a specific Gln114-centered hydrogen bond network
Anna V Leonard et al.
Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 118, 303-306 (2013-07-24)
The blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is disrupted following spinal cord injury (SCI) resulting in vasogenic edema and increased intrathecal pressure (ITP). The neuropeptide substance P (SP) has been implicated in the development of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, edema, and
Priscilla Martinez et al.
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 65(4), 456-462 (2013-11-14)
Major depressive disorder is highly prevalent among HIV-infected persons, and depression symptom severity improves during the course of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). The potential biologic pathways explaining these phenomena remain unclear. We investigated the extent to which ART-mediated suppression of
Eduard Dolusić et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 54(15), 5320-5334 (2011-07-06)
Tryptophan catabolism mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an important mechanism of peripheral immune tolerance contributing to tumoral immune resistance. IDO inhibition is thus an active area of research in drug development. Recently, our group has shown that tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
Dorota Jakubczyk et al.
Natural product reports, 31(10), 1328-1338 (2014-08-29)
The ergots are a structurally diverse group of alkaloids derived from tryptophan and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) . The potent bioactivity of ergot alkaloids have resulted in their use in many applications throughout human history. In this highlight, we recap some
Jie Cheng et al.
Nature communications, 6, 7209-7209 (2015-06-11)
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor that responds to environmental toxicants, is increasingly recognized as a key player in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. Here we show that a variety of tryptophan derivatives that act as endogenous AhR ligands
Simon N Young
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 368(1615), 20110375-20110375 (2013-02-27)
Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) studies indicate that low serotonin can lower mood and also increase aggression, although results vary somewhat between studies with similar participants. Lowering of mood after ATD is related to the susceptibility of the study participants to
L N Dahal et al.
Clinical and experimental immunology, 173(1), 58-66 (2013-04-24)
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is caused by autoantibodies against red blood cell (RBC) surface antigens that render RBC susceptible to Fc-mediated phagocytosis and complement-mediated lysis. Experimental AIHA can be induced by injection of rat RBC to naive mice, but a
Ashley A Reinke et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 19(17), 4952-4957 (2009-07-31)
Aggregated amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide is implicated in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. In vitro and in vivo, these aggregates are found in a variety of morphologies, including globular oligomers and linear fibrils, which possess distinct biological activities. However, known chemical
Kenneth M Roberts et al.
IUBMB life, 65(4), 350-357 (2013-02-27)
The aromatic amino acid hydroxylases tryptophan hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase are responsible for the initial steps in the formation of serotonin and the catecholamine neurotransmitters, respectively. Both enzymes are nonheme iron-dependent monooxygenases that catalyze the insertion of one atom of
Erick Miranda-Laferte et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 289(15), 10387-10398 (2014-02-13)
The β-subunit associates with the α1 pore-forming subunit of high voltage-activated calcium channels and modulates several aspects of ion conduction. Four β-subunits are encoded by four different genes with multiple splice variants. Only two members of this family, β2a and
Shengqiang Tong et al.
Journal of chromatography. A, 1374, 77-84 (2014-12-06)
Spiral tube assembly counter-current chromatography was successfully applied in enantioseparation of dl-tryptophan using bovine serum albumin as chiral selector. An improved biphasic aqueous-aqueous solvent system 12.0% (w/w) polyethyleneglycol 8000-9.0% (w/w) dibasic potassium phosphate-0.1% ammonia-78.9% water was used as the solvent
Anne-Kristin Stavrum et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(48), 34555-34566 (2013-10-17)
Tryptophan is utilized in various metabolic routes including protein synthesis, serotonin, and melatonin synthesis and the kynurenine pathway. Perturbations in these pathways have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Here we present a comprehensive kinetic model of the complex
Bogumil Zelent et al.
The Biochemical journal, 459(3), 551-564 (2014-02-27)
Hepatic glucose phosphorylation by GK (glucokinase) is regulated by GKRP (GK regulatory protein). GKRP forms a cytosolic complex with GK followed by nuclear import and storage, leading to inhibition of GK activity. This process is initiated by low glucose, but
Alexander A Voityuk et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(14), 5219-5224 (2014-03-19)
UV-B absorption by the photoreceptor UV resistance locus 8 (UVR8) consisting of two identical protein units triggers a signal chain used by plants in connection with protection and repair of UV-B induced damage. X-ray structural analysis of the purified protein
Miki Terakata et al.
The Journal of nutrition, 143(7), 1046-1051 (2013-05-24)
In mammals, nicotinamide (Nam) is biosynthesized from l-tryptophan (l-Trp). The enzymes involved in the initial step of the l-Trp→Nam pathway are l-Trp-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We aimed to determine whether tdo-knockout (tdo(-/-)) mice fed a diet without preformed niacin
Kazuki Iwashita et al.
Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids, 31(32), 8923-8929 (2015-07-25)
Proteins have nonspecific adsorption capacities for solid surfaces. Although the nonspecific adsorption capacities are generally understood to be related to the hydrophobicity or charge density of the surfaces, little is known at the amino acid level about the interaction between
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