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Zhichao Liu et al.
PLoS computational biology, 7(12), e1002310-e1002310 (2011-12-24)
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant concern in drug development due to the poor concordance between preclinical and clinical findings of liver toxicity. We hypothesized that the DILI types (hepatotoxic side effects) seen in the clinic can be translated
Annemarie E Brouwer et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 51(3), 1038-1042 (2006-12-30)
In a randomized controlled trial of amphotericin B-based therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis in Thailand, we also compared the mycological efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of oral versus intravenous flucytosine at 100 mg/kg of body weight/day for the
Rita Marimon et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 52(2), 732-734 (2007-11-28)
Ninety-two isolates belonging to five species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex were tested in vitro against 12 antifungal agents, using a reference microdilution method. There were significant differences among the species; Sporothrix brasiliensis was the species that showed the best
Martine Florent et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(7), 2982-2990 (2009-05-06)
The aim of this work was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of flucytosine (5FC) resistance and 5FC/fluconazole (FLC) cross-resistance in 11 genetically and epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates of Candida lusitaniae. We first showed that the levels of transcription of the
William W Hope et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 51(10), 3760-3762 (2007-08-08)
Amphotericin B and flucytosine (5FC) have an additive effect when used for disseminated candidiasis. Here, we bridge the results of an experimental pharmacodynamic study to humans and demonstrate that a 5FC dosage of 25 mg/kg of body weight/day in four
Angela Loyse et al.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 68(11), 2435-2444 (2013-06-22)
Current, widely accepted guidelines for the management of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) recommend amphotericin B combined with flucytosine (5-FC) for ≥2 weeks as the initial induction treatment of choice. However, access to flucytosine in Africa and Asia, where disease burden
M Mar Rodríguez et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(12), 5022-5025 (2009-09-30)
A broth microdilution method was used to evaluate the in vitro activities of seven antifungal agents against 15 clinical strains of Rhizopus microsporus. Amphotericin B (AMB) and posaconazole (POS) were the most active drugs. In a model of disseminated R.
Plinio Trabasso et al.
Mycopathologia, 179(1-2), 53-62 (2014-12-08)
Candida parapsilosis complex (CPC) is the third Candida species isolated in blood cultures of patients from our Hospital, following C. albicans and C. tropicalis. From 2006 to 2010, the median annual distribution of CPC was 8 cases/year. Records of 36
Francesco Imperi et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(18), 7458-7463 (2013-04-10)
Although antibiotic resistance represents a public health emergency, the pipeline of new antibiotics is running dry. Repurposing of old drugs for new clinical applications is an attractive strategy for drug development. We used the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a
Miroslava Matuskova et al.
The journal of gene medicine, 14(12), 776-787 (2012-11-15)
Engineered mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been used in many preclinical studies of gene directed enzyme/prodrug therapy. We aimed to compare the efficacy of two most frequently used systems, as well as evaluate the extent of a bystander effect mediated
Manthena V S Varma et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 53(3), 1098-1108 (2010-01-15)
Oral bioavailability (F) is a product of fraction absorbed (Fa), fraction escaping gut-wall elimination (Fg), and fraction escaping hepatic elimination (Fh). In this study, using a database comprised of Fa, Fg, Fh, and F values for 309 drugs in humans
Nikolaos G Almyroudis et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 51(7), 2587-2590 (2007-04-25)
We evaluated the in vitro susceptibilities of 217 zygomycetes to amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, and flucytosine. The significant in vitro activity of posaconazole against several species appears to support its reported clinical efficacy. Decreased susceptibility to
Manuel Cuenca-Estrella et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(5), 2192-2195 (2009-02-19)
A collection of 2,278 isolates belonging to 86 different fungal species was tested with micafungin and eight other drugs using the EUCAST procedures. Micafungin was active against species of Candida and Aspergillus (even azole-resistant species) as well as Penicillium spp.
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis.
Jeremy N Day et al.
The New England journal of medicine, 368(26), 2522-2523 (2013-06-28)
J E Bennet
Annals of internal medicine, 86(3), 319-321 (1977-03-01)
Flucytosine is a systemic antifungal drug that is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The most clearly documented therapeutic effect has been in cryptococcosis, candidiasis, and chromomycosis. An important limitation of the use of flucytosine in all three diseases has
Emilia Cantón et al.
Journal of clinical microbiology, 50(12), 3921-3926 (2012-09-28)
The Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) method is a widely used method to determine the susceptibility of Candida spp. to antifungal agents. CLSI clinical breakpoints (CBP) have been reported for antifungals, but not using this method. In the absence of CBP, epidemiological
Patrick Schwarz et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 51(1), 383-385 (2006-10-18)
The combination of flucytosine and amphotericin B was tested against 10 flucytosine-resistant isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans by checkerboard, killing curves, and Etest. Although differences were observed depending on the technique used, antagonism was never observed. The synergistic interaction was related
Jeniel E Nett et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 54(8), 3505-3508 (2010-06-03)
Candida infections frequently involve drug-resistant biofilm growth on device surfaces. Glucan synthase gene FKS1 has been linked to triazole resistance in Candida biofilms. We tested the impact of FKS1 modulation on susceptibility to additional antifungal classes. Reduction of FKS1 expression
C J Seneviratne et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 52(9), 3259-3266 (2008-07-16)
Biofilm formation is a major virulence attribute of Candida pathogenicity which contributes to higher antifungal resistance. We investigated the roles of cell density and cellular aging on the relative antifungal susceptibility of planktonic, biofilm, and biofilm-derived planktonic modes of Candida.
Tatsuya Inukai et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1851(2), 141-151 (2014-12-03)
Sterol uptake in the pathogenic fungus, Candida glabrata, occurs via the sterol transporter, CgAus1p. Azole inhibition of sterol biosynthesis can under certain circumstances be reversed by adding exogenously sterol. Here we demonstrate that the CgTIR3 (CAGL0C03872g) gene product is also
Chung-Kyu Ryu et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 19(20), 5924-5926 (2009-09-08)
Benzo[d]oxazole-4,7-diones were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activity against fungi. Among them tested, many compounds showed good antifungal activity. The results suggest that benzo[d]oxazole-4,7-diones would be potent antifungal agents.
Nicolas Papon et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 51(1), 369-371 (2006-10-25)
Inactivation of the FCY2 (cytosine permease), FCY1 (cytosine deaminase), and FUR1 (uracil phosphoribosyltransferase) genes in Candida lusitaniae produced two patterns of resistance to flucytosine. Mutant fur1 demonstrated resistance to 5-fluorouracil, whereas mutants fcy1 and fcy2 demonstrated fluconazole resistance in the
P Francis et al.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 15(6), 1003-1018 (1992-12-01)
Flucytosine is an antifungal agent useful in combination with amphotericin B in the treatment of several deeply invasive mycoses. The potentially dose-limiting, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and hepatic toxicities of flucytosine lead to a reluctance to use it in myelosuppressed patients. To
W L Whelan
Critical reviews in microbiology, 15(1), 45-56 (1987-01-01)
In terms of genetically determined susceptibility to the clinical antifungal agent 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), Candida albicans may be homozygous sensitive (FCY/FCY), homozygous resistant (fcy/fcy), or heterozygous (fcy/FCY). Although heterozygotes are only slightly resistant, they occur at significant frequency among clinical strains
Thomas R Fritsche et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 52(3), 1187-1189 (2008-01-09)
Omiganan, a bactericidal and fungicidal cationic peptide being developed as a topical gel for prevention of catheter-associated infections, inhibited commonly occurring fungal pathogens including Candida spp. (106 isolates) at <or=256 microg/ml and molds (including 10 Aspergillus isolates) at <or=1,024 microg/ml.
Vladímir V Kouznetsov et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 16(2), 794-809 (2007-11-06)
Diverse N-substituted anilines bearing hetaryl fragments were easily prepared from corresponding aldimines derived from commercially available aromatic aldehydes and anilines. 2-Furyl substituted anilines showed very good antifungal activities against dermatophytes, particularly against Trichophyton rubrum (MIC=3.12-6.25microg/mL). In addition, all active compounds
L Wang et al.
Nephron. Experimental nephrology, 121(1-2), e10-e22 (2012-10-26)
The goal of this study was to examine the capacity for glomerular repair after a podocyte-depleting injury. We created transgenic (TG) mice expressing the yeast enzyme cytosine deaminase specifically in glomerular podocytes. In these TG animals, the prodrug 5-flucytosine (5-FC)
Lourdes Santana et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 51(21), 6740-6751 (2008-10-07)
The work provides a new model for the prediction of the MAO-A and -B inhibitor activity by the use of combined complex networks and QSAR methodologies. On the basis of the obtained model, we prepared and assayed 33 coumarin derivatives
[Flucytosine - a classical partner for combination therapy].
Annemarie Polak
Mycoses, 45 Suppl 3, 31-33 (2003-04-15)
Erwin Lamping et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(2), 354-369 (2008-11-19)
Most Candida krusei strains are innately resistant to fluconazole (FLC) and can cause breakthrough candidemia in immunocompromised individuals receiving long-term prophylactic FLC treatment. Although the azole drug target, Erg11p, of C. krusei has a relatively low affinity for FLC, drug
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