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G5172
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Thomas A Kerr et al.
Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology, 44(10), E218-E228 (2013-09-17)
Bile acid synthesis is regulated by nuclear receptors including farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and small heterodimer partner (SHP), and by fibroblast growth factor 15/19 (FGF15/19). We hypothesized that hepatic cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD) (a key enzyme in taurine synthesis)
Jianlong Du et al.
The Journal of nutrition, 150(9), 2469-2477 (2020-07-03)
High linoleic acid (LA) intake leads to inflammation that adversely influences health in fish. However, whether the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) could be an effective target for regulating LA-induced inflammation remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate
Qunyan Jin et al.
European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP), 27(6), 553-556 (2017-07-14)
Two major risk factors for ovarian cancer include loss-of-function mutations in the BRCA1 (breast cancer 1, early onset) gene and aspects of estrogen metabolism. Modulation of the levels of the normal BRCA1 allele and estrogen receptor expression may therefore be
Arijit A Adhikari et al.
Nature chemical biology, 16(3), 318-326 (2020-02-12)
Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) enzymes are widely expressed by human gut bacteria and catalyze the gateway reaction leading to secondary bile acid formation. Bile acids regulate key metabolic and immune processes by binding to host receptors. There is an unmet
Esther M Verhaag et al.
PloS one, 11(3), e0149782-e0149782 (2016-03-08)
Cholestasis is characterized by accumulation of bile acids and inflammation, causing hepatocellular damage. Still, liver damage markers are highest in acute cholestasis and drop when this condition becomes chronic, indicating that hepatocytes adapt towards the hostile environment. This may be
Tomofumi Fujino et al.
The Journal of toxicological sciences, 40(4), 501-508 (2015-07-15)
Identification of substances with specific toxicity for carcinoma cells promises to facilitate the development of cancer chemotherapeutics that cause minimal side effects. Here, we show that knockdown of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) effectively suppresses the proliferation of human hepatocellular
Hwijin Kim
Scientific reports, 6, 37280-37280 (2016-11-22)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rapidly emerging global health-problem. NAFLD encompasses a range of conditions associated with hepatic steatosis, aberrant accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. Although obesity and metabolic syndrome are considered to have a strong association with
Avafia Y Dossa et al.
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 310(2), G81-G92 (2015-11-27)
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized in the liver and secreted into the intestine. In the lumen, enteric bacteria metabolize BAs from conjugated, primary forms into more toxic unconjugated, secondary metabolites. Secondary BAs can be injurious to the intestine and may
R Malivindi et al.
Reproduction (Cambridge, England), 156(3), 249-259 (2018-06-21)
The farnesoid X receptor alpha (FXR) is a bile acid sensor activated by binding to endogenous bile acids including chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). Although, FXR is expressed in male reproductive tissue, the relevance of the receptor on reproduction is scarcely known.
Shu Zhang et al.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 43(5), 743-748 (2015-03-01)
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) functions as a regulator of bile acid and lipid homeostasis and is recognized as a promising therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. The biologic function of FXR is mediated in part by a small heterodimer partner (SHP);
GW4064 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic inflammation and apoptosis through inhibition of the Toll-like receptor 4-mediated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in mice
Liu HM, et al.
International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41(3), 1455-1462 (2018)
Shuai Wang et al.
Biochemical pharmacology, 145, 202-209 (2017-09-16)
Sulfotransferase 1E1 (SULT1E1, also known as estrogen sulfotransferase) plays an important role in metabolism and detoxification of many endogenous and exogenous compounds (e.g., estrogens and flavonoids). Here we aimed to assess the effects of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation on
Liping Yang et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1844(9), 1684-1693 (2014-06-24)
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors that plays a key role in the regulation of bile acids, lipid and glucose metabolisms. The regulative function of FXR is governed by conformational changes
Sarah Farr et al.
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 318(4), G682-G693 (2020-02-01)
Postprandial dyslipidemia is a common feature of insulin-resistant states and contributes to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Recently, bile acids have been recognized beyond their emulsification properties as important signaling molecules that promote energy expenditure, improve insulin sensitivity, and lower fasting
Jing Yang et al.
Frontiers in pharmacology, 8, 260-260 (2017-05-26)
Triptolide (TP), a diterpenoid isolated from
Isaivani Jayachandran et al.
Scientific reports, 10(1), 16005-16005 (2020-10-01)
We previously reported that the circulatory level of Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, was increased in diabetic kidney disease patients. However, the mechanism and the role of ADMA in diabetic kidney injury remain unclear.
Shujun Xie et al.
FEBS letters, 591(18), 2836-2847 (2017-08-09)
GW4064 is a small molecule known to be an agonist of the nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR). We found that GW4064 inhibits the NLR family CARD domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in an FXR-independent manner as evidenced by its
Yang Xie et al.
Scientific reports, 6, 18751-18751 (2016-01-06)
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of various metabolic pathways as well as liver regeneration. However, the casual link between cell proliferative effects during liver regeneration and metabolic regulation of FXR was elusive. In this
Long Ding et al.
Molecular medicine reports, 11(6), 4431-4437 (2015-01-31)
Bile acids, which are synthesized from cholesterol in the hepatocytes of the liver, are amphipathic molecules with a steroid backbone. Studies have shown that bile acid exhibits important effects on liver regeneration. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear.
Xiang Jiang et al.
Journal of autoimmunity, 90, 64-75 (2018-02-13)
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are novel innate-like T cells constituting a significant proportion of circulating and hepatic T cells. Herein, we extensively examine the phenotypical and functional alterations of MAIT cells and their regulation in a cohort of 56
Banrida Wahlang et al.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 140(2), 283-297 (2014-05-09)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental toxicants, present in 100% of U.S. adults and dose-dependently associated with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). PCBs are predicted to interact with receptors previously implicated in xenobiotic/energy metabolism and NAFLD. These receptors include
Kevin S Baker et al.
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 39(10), 2038-2048 (2019-08-16)
Regulation of TF (tissue factor):FVIIa (coagulation factor VIIa) complex procoagulant activity is especially critical in tissues where plasma can contact TF-expressing cells. One example is the liver, where hepatocytes are routinely exposed to plasma because of the fenestrated sinusoidal endothelium.
Ming Gu et al.
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 34(11), 3063-3077 (2020-06-26)
Schisandra chinensis fruit has been shown to restore carbohydrate- and lipid-metabolic disorders and has anti-hepatotoxicity and anti-hepatitis activities. However, the molecular targets mediating the pharmacological properties of S. chinensis fruit have not been clarified. Here, we assayed the effects of
Ling Li et al.
Journal of translational medicine, 17(1), 418-418 (2019-12-15)
Tacrolimus (FK506)-induced diabetes mellitus is one of the most important factors of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). However, the detailed mechanisms underlying PTDM are still unclear. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates glycolipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to explore
Joanne M Donkers et al.
Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 10(3), 451-466 (2020-04-25)
Bile acids are important metabolic signaling molecules. Bile acid receptor activation promotes body weight loss and improves glycemic control. The incretin hormone GLP-1 and thyroid hormone activation of T4 to T3 have been suggested as important contributors. Here, we identify
Fei Guo et al.
Oncotarget, 6(33), 34606-34616 (2015-09-30)
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is regarded as a vital repressor in the liver carcinogenesis mainly by inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity. Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), highly expressed in liver, has an important role
Kun Wu et al.
Cell communication and signaling : CCS, 18(1), 47-47 (2020-03-21)
Excessive dietary fat intake induces lipid deposition and contributes to the progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Yellow catfish were given two experimental diets with dietary lipid levels of 11.3 and 15.4%
Stefanie Albrecht et al.
Journal of neuroinflammation, 14(1), 66-66 (2017-03-30)
The nuclear receptor farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR; NR1H4) is expressed not only in the liver, gut, kidney and adipose tissue but also in the immune cells. FXR has been shown to confer protection in several animal models of inflammation, including experimental autoimmune
Bing Wang et al.
Experimental cell research, 390(1), 111949-111949 (2020-03-08)
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a metabolic nuclear receptor, which protects liver from many endogenous and exogenous injuries. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a low-molecular-weight protein family involved in metal homeostasis and the regulation of hepatic oxidative stress. In the present
Hui-Min Shan et al.
Journal of neuroinflammation, 17(1), 164-164 (2020-05-27)
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor that plays a critical role in controlling cell apoptosis in diverse diseases. Previous studies have shown that knocking out FXR improved cardiac function by reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis in myocardial ischemic mice. However
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