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Kerstin Immig et al.
Glia, 63(4), 611-625 (2014-12-05)
The brain's immune privilege has been also attributed to the lack of dendritic cells (DC) within its parenchyma and the adjacent meninges, an assumption, which implies maintenance of antigens rather than their presentation in lymphoid organs. Using mice transcribing the
Jennifer L Steiner et al.
Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 43(4), 344-351 (2014-11-26)
Electrically stimulated muscle contraction is a potential clinical therapy to treat sepsis-induced myopathy; however, whether sepsis alters contraction-induced anabolic signaling is unknown. Polymicrobial peritonitis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in male C57BL/6 mice and time-matched, pair-fed controls
Yvonne Genzel et al.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 1104, 371-393 (2013-12-04)
The production of viral vaccines in cell culture can be accomplished with primary, diploid, or continuous (transformed) cell lines. Each cell line, each virus type, and each vaccine preparation require the specific design of upstream and downstream processing. Media have
Fanny Tzelepis et al.
The Journal of clinical investigation, 125(2), 752-768 (2015-01-07)
The phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and associated vesicles (efferocytosis) by DCs is an important mechanism for both self tolerance and host defense. Although some of the engulfment ligands involved in efferocytosis have been identified and studied in vitro, the contributions
Shankar Munusamy et al.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 309(8), F731-F743 (2015-08-21)
We investigated obesity-induced changes in kidney lipid accumulation, mitochondrial function, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the absence of hypertension, and the potential role of leptin in modulating these changes. We compared two normotensive genetic mouse models of obesity, leptin-deficient
Katharina Leitmeyer et al.
BioMed research international, 2015, 925890-925890 (2015-04-29)
Rapamycin is an antifungal agent with immunosuppressive properties. Rapamycin inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by blocking the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). mTOR is an atypical serine/threonine protein kinase, which controls cell growth, cell proliferation, and cell metabolism. However
Nathella P Kumar et al.
Immunology, 144(4), 677-686 (2014-11-05)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with expanded frequencies of mycobacterial antigen-specific CD4(+) T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells in individuals with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). No data are available on the role of CD8(+) T and
Rafaëlle Rossignol et al.
PloS one, 9(8), e105996-e105996 (2014-08-26)
Visual sensory impairments are common in Mental Deficiency (MD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). These defects are linked to cerebral dysfunction in the visual cortical area characterized by the deregulation of axon growth/guidance and dendrite spine immaturity of neurons. However
Ping Li et al.
International journal of pharmaceutics, 477(1-2), 390-398 (2014-12-03)
This study aims at evaluating the combination of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) and enteric-coated capsules as a potential delivery strategy for oral delivery of insulin. The SNEDDS preconcentrates, loaded with insulin-phospholipid complex at different levels (0, 2.5 and 10%
John D Laver et al.
Genome biology, 16, 94-94 (2015-05-13)
Brain tumor (BRAT) is a Drosophila member of the TRIM-NHL protein family. This family is conserved among metazoans and its members function as post-transcriptional regulators. BRAT was thought to be recruited to mRNAs indirectly through interaction with the RNA-binding protein
Xiao Wang et al.
Lab on a chip, 15(8), 1812-1821 (2015-03-13)
In the past two decades, microfluidics has become of great value in precisely aligning cells or microparticles within fluids. Microfluidic techniques use either external forces or sheath flow to focus particulate samples, and face the challenges of complex instrumentation design
Päivi Ylä-Anttila et al.
Autophagy, 11(10), 1833-1848 (2015-09-02)
RAB24 belongs to a family of small GTPases and has been implicated to function in autophagy. Here we confirm the intracellular localization of RAB24 to autophagic vacuoles with immuno electron microscopy and cell fractionation, and show that prenylation and guanine
Math P Cuajungco et al.
Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark), 15(11), 1247-1265 (2014-08-19)
Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is caused by loss of function mutations in the TRPML1 ion channel. We previously reported that tissue zinc levels in MLIV were abnormally elevated; however, the mechanism behind this pathologic accumulation remains unknown. Here, we identify
Andreas von Bohl et al.
Malaria journal, 14, 435-435 (2015-11-06)
During development in human erythrocytes, Plasmodium falciparum parasites display a remarkable number of adhesive proteins on their plasma membrane. In the invasive merozoites, these include members of the PfMSP1 and PfAMA1/RON complexes, which facilitate contact between merozoites and red blood
Charles Awortwe et al.
Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, 45(3), 218-229 (2014-11-08)
1.This study investigated the mechanism underlying Echinacea-mediated induction of CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and MDR1 in terms of human pregnane X receptor (PXR) activation. 2.Crude extracts and fractions of Echinacea purpurea were tested for PXR activation in HepG2 cells by a reporter
Hirotake Kasai et al.
Scientific reports, 5, 16699-16699 (2015-11-17)
The chaperone system is known to be exploited by viruses for their replication. In the present study, we identified the cochaperone FKBP6 as a host factor required for hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. FKBP6 is a peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase
Ying-Ying Huang et al.
Journal of biophotonics, 7(8), 656-664 (2013-10-16)
Excitotoxicity describes a pathogenic process whereby death of neurons releases large amounts of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, which then proceeds to activate a set of glutamatergic receptors on neighboring neurons (glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), and kainate), opening ion channels leading to
Payel Chatterjee et al.
Molecular cancer therapeutics, 14(8), 1896-1906 (2015-05-31)
Exposure to genotoxic agents, such as ionizing radiation (IR), produces DNA damage, leading to DNA double-strand breaks (DSB); IR toxicity is augmented when the DNA repair is impaired. We reported that radiosensitization by a PARP inhibitor (PARPi) was highly prominent
Ji Hoon Yu et al.
The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 60, 147-156 (2015-01-17)
Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is caused by mutational inactivation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (Atm) gene, which is involved in DNA repair. Increased oxidative stress has been shown in human AT cells and neuronal tissues of Atm-deficient mice. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)
Dan Qu et al.
Molecular medicine reports, 12(1), 1305-1313 (2015-03-31)
Shikonin, a naturally occurring naphthoquinone, exhibits anti-tumorigenic activity. However, its precise mechanisms of action have remained elusive. In the present study, the involvement in the action of shikonin of the ubiquitin ligases Cbl-b and c-Cbl, which are negative regulators of
Chiara Palmi et al.
Molecular cancer research : MCR, 12(12), 1796-1806 (2014-07-26)
Although the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion is a frequent initiating event in childhood leukemia, its role in leukemogenesis is only partly understood. The main impact of the fusion itself is to generate and sustain a clone of clinically silent preleukemic B-cell progenitors
Haruko Miura et al.
Cell structure and function, 39(1), 9-20 (2013-11-12)
The serine/threonine kinase Akt plays a critical role in cell proliferation, survival, and tumorigenesis. As a central kinase in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, its activation mechanism at the plasma membrane has been well characterized. However, the subcellular Akt activity in
Bonnie L Barrilleaux et al.
PloS one, 9(7), e101151-e101151 (2014-07-02)
The transcription factor Miz-1 can either activate or repress gene expression in concert with binding partners including the Myc oncoprotein. The genomic binding of Miz-1 includes both core promoters and more distal sites, but the preferred DNA binding motif of
Elizabeth M Waters et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(6), 2384-2397 (2015-02-13)
Both estrous cycle and sex affect the numbers and types of neuronal and glial profiles containing the classical estrogen receptors α and β, and synaptic levels in the rodent dorsal hippocampus. Here, we examined whether the membrane estrogen receptor, G-protein-coupled
Shankar P Das et al.
Genome research, 25(12), 1886-1892 (2015-09-12)
Replication timing is a crucial aspect of genome regulation that is strongly correlated with chromatin structure, gene expression, DNA repair, and genome evolution. Replication timing is determined by the timing of replication origin firing, which involves activation of MCM helicase
Lorenza A D'Alessandro et al.
PLoS computational biology, 11(4), e1004192-e1004192 (2015-04-24)
Signaling pathways are characterized by crosstalk, feedback and feedforward mechanisms giving rise to highly complex and cell-context specific signaling networks. Dissecting the underlying relations is crucial to predict the impact of targeted perturbations. However, a major challenge in identifying cell-context
Lindsey C Morris et al.
Journal of biomolecular screening, 19(6), 847-858 (2014-02-15)
Injectable, degradation-resistant peptide agonists for the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R), such as exenatide and liraglutide, activate the GLP-1R via a complex orthosteric-binding site and are effective therapeutics for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Orally bioavailable orthosteric small-molecule
Pamela T Wong et al.
PloS one, 10(5), e0126120-e0126120 (2015-05-12)
Vaccine adjuvants have been reported to induce both mucosal and systemic immunity when applied to mucosal surfaces and this dual response appears important for protection against certain pathogens. Despite the potential advantages, however, no mucosal adjuvants are currently approved for
Romulo Aráoz et al.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 147(1), 156-167 (2015-06-13)
Spirolides are a large family of lipophilic marine toxins produced by dinoflagellates that have been detected in contaminated shellfish. Among them, 13,19-didesmethyl and 13-desmethyl spirolide C phycotoxins are widely distributed and their mode of action needs to be clearly defined.
Claire Breslin et al.
Nucleic acids research, 43(14), 6934-6944 (2015-07-02)
Poly (ADP-ribose) is synthesized at DNA single-strand breaks and can promote the recruitment of the scaffold protein, XRCC1. However, the mechanism and importance of this process has been challenged. To address this issue, we have characterized the mechanism of poly
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