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Sushama Telwatte et al.
Nucleic acids research, 43(6), 3256-3271 (2015-03-15)
Resistance to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-1-infected individuals is typically due to nonsynonymous mutations that change the protein sequence; however, the selection of synonymous or 'silent' mutations in the HIV-1 genome with cART has been reported. These silent K65K
Jessica Perez-Cunningham et al.
Transplantation, 97(10), 992-998 (2014-04-08)
Embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells provide great promise to the future of medicine. Because immune rejection represents a major obstacle to the success of all stem cell-based therapies, many recent studies have sought to determine the
Giacomo Oliveira et al.
Science translational medicine, 7(317), 317ra198-317ra198 (2015-12-15)
Long-lasting immune protection from pathogens and cancer requires the generation of memory T cells able to survive long-term. To unravel the immunological requirements for long-term persistence of human memory T cells, we characterized and traced, over several years, T lymphocytes
Peter C L Beverley et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 193(5), 2306-2316 (2014-07-30)
Tuberculosis remains a global health problem so that a more effective vaccine than bacillus Calmette-Guérin is urgently needed. Cytomegaloviruses persist lifelong in vivo and induce powerful immune and increasing ("inflationary") responses, making them attractive vaccine vectors. We have used an
Melina Schellhorn et al.
Oncotarget, 6(36), 39342-39356 (2015-10-30)
The antitumorigenic mechanism of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib is still a matter of debate. Using lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460) and metastatic cells derived from a lung cancer patient, the present study investigates the impact of celecoxib
Linda Quatrini et al.
Science signaling, 8(400), ra108-ra108 (2015-10-29)
Cytotoxic lymphocytes share the presence of the activating receptor NK receptor group 2, member D (NKG2D) and the signaling-competent adaptor DNAX-activating protein 10 (DAP10), which together play an important role in antitumor immune surveillance. Ligand stimulation induces the internalization of
Heng Wang et al.
International immunopharmacology, 21(2), 375-382 (2014-06-01)
CD4(+) T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) express growth signaling pathway in association with deregulated growth and resistance to apoptosis. The janus kinase (Jak) 3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway play a critical role in interleukin-2
Haiying Qin et al.
Blood, 126(5), 629-639 (2015-06-05)
Adoptive transfer of T cells genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the CD19 B cell-associated protein have demonstrated potent activity against relapsed/refractory B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Not all patients respond, and CD19-negative relapses have been observed.
Jong R Kim et al.
Immunobiology, 221(1), 31-39 (2015-08-28)
CS1 (CRACC/CD319/SLAMF7) is a member of SLAM (Signaling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule) family receptors and is expressed on NK cells, a subset of CD8(+) T lymphocytes, activated monocytes, mature dendritic cells and activated B cells. In NK cells, CS1 signaling induces
Sidharth S Jha et al.
Immunology, 145(1), 124-135 (2014-12-17)
Gene transfer to create tumour epitope-specific cytolytic T cells for adoptive immunotherapy of cancer remains an area of active inquiry. When the Mart-127-35 -specific DMF5 T-cell receptor (TCR) is transferred into peripheral human CD4(+) T cells, the reprogrammed cells exhibit
Soo-Hyeon Lee et al.
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 165(1-2), 1-13 (2015-04-22)
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity. IL-15 is also a promising cytokine for treating cancer. Despite the growing importance of the clinical use of IL-15 for immunotherapy, no attempts
Francisco J Quintana et al.
Journal of autoimmunity, 21(1), 65-75 (2003-08-02)
Informatic methodologies are being applied successfully to analyze the complexity of the genome. But beyond the genome, the immune system reflects the state of the body in health and disease. Traditionally, immunologists have reduced the immune system, where possible, to
Paul J McLaren et al.
Retrovirology, 12, 41-41 (2015-05-20)
Known antiretroviral restriction factors are encoded by genes that are under positive selection pressure, induced during HIV-1 infection, up-regulated by interferons, and/or interact with viral proteins. To identify potential novel restriction factors, we performed genome-wide scans for human genes sharing
Bethany L Macleod et al.
PLoS pathogens, 10(8), e1004303-e1004303 (2014-08-15)
Efficient infection control requires potent T-cell responses at sites of pathogen replication. However, the regulation of T-cell effector function in situ remains poorly understood. Here, we show key differences in the regulation of effector activity between CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells
Anne Kleijn et al.
PloS one, 9(5), e97495-e97495 (2014-05-29)
The oncolytic adenovirus Delta24-RGD represents a new promising therapeutic agent for patients with a malignant glioma and is currently under investigation in clinical phase I/II trials. Earlier preclinical studies showed that Delta24-RGD is able to effectively lyse tumor cells, yielding
Andrew C Issekutz et al.
Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.), 161(2), 373-383 (2015-08-27)
Intravenous IgG (IVIG) therapy can be used for immunomodulation. IL-2 is an immunoregulatory cytokine. We evaluated IVIG modulation of human blood lymphocyte response to IL-2 and other cytokines. Neither IVIG nor low concentrations of IL-2 (3-30U/ml) induced lymphocyte proliferation, but
Jinguo Wang et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 193(7), 3296-3307 (2014-08-29)
We investigated whether a prevalent epitope of the β-cell-specific autoantigen islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP206-214) reaches regional Ag-presentation pathways via unprocessed polypeptide chains, as free IGRP206-214 peptide or via preformed IGRP206-214/K(d) complexes. This was accomplished by expressing bacterial artificial
Hayato Hosoi et al.
European journal of immunology, 44(6), 1747-1758 (2014-04-12)
T cells express multiple integrin molecules. The significance of signaling through these molecules on acquisition of T-cell effector functions and memory formation capacity remains largely unknown. Moreover, the impact of stimulation through these signals on the generation of T cells
Ophelie Godon et al.
Vaccine, 33(36), 4548-4553 (2015-07-26)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects millions of people worldwide and is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current therapies based on nucleos(t)ide analogs or pegylated-interferon-α lead to control of viral replication in most patients but rarely achieve
Rong Li et al.
British journal of haematology, 166(5), 690-701 (2014-05-16)
Tumour cell-derived heat shock proteins (HSPs) are used as vaccines for immunotherapy of cancer patients. However, it is proposed that the peptide chaperoned on HSPs, not HSPs themselves, elicited a potent immune response. Given that HSPs are highly expressed by
Beom K Choi et al.
Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997), 37(4), 225-236 (2014-04-10)
Adoptive T-cell therapy is a promising approach to the immunotherapy of cancer, but for it to be a general cancer therapy a simple and standardized procedure for producing tumor-specific CD8 T cells is needed. On the basis of a unique
Wibke Deisting et al.
PloS one, 10(10), e0141669-e0141669 (2015-10-29)
Bispecific T cell engager (BiTE®) are single-chain bispecific antibody constructs with dual specificity for CD3 on T cells and a surface antigen on target cells. They can elicit a polyclonal cytotoxic T cell response that is not restricted by T
Gang Li et al.
Molecular medicine reports, 12(1), 760-768 (2015-02-20)
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of cells, which have been revealed to inhibit T-cell responses in tumor-bearing mice. In addition, a number of immune suppressive mechanisms have linked MDSCs and the development of human cancer. However, the
Julia L Drewes et al.
PloS one, 9(4), e94375-e94375 (2014-04-16)
HIV immune pathogenesis is postulated to involve two major mechanisms: 1) chronic innate immune responses that drive T cell activation and apoptosis and 2) induction of immune regulators that suppress T cell function and proliferation. Both arms are elevated chronically
Helenie Kefalakes et al.
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 62(1), 47-56 (2015-02-28)
Activation of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8 T cells by therapeutic vaccination may promote sustained control of viral replication by clearance of covalently closed circular DNA from infected hepatocytes. However, little is known about the exact targets of the CD8
Denise L Cecil et al.
Cancer research, 74(10), 2710-2718 (2014-04-30)
Immunization against self-tumor antigens can induce T-regulatory cells, which inhibit proliferation of type I CD4(+) T-helper (TH1) and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. Type I T cells are required for potent antitumor immunity. We questioned whether immunosuppressive epitopes could be identified
Sergei R Guma et al.
Pediatric blood & cancer, 61(8), 1362-1368 (2014-03-13)
We have previously shown that aerosol interleukin-2 (IL-2) increased the number of intravenously injected human natural killer (NK) cells in the lungs. In this study we investigated whether this increase was secondary to NK cell proliferation and determined the site
SuJin Hwang et al.
Nature communications, 6, 6982-6982 (2015-05-12)
The T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) complex contains 10 copies of a di-tyrosine Immunoreceptor-Tyrosine-based-Activation-Motif (ITAM) that initiates TCR signalling by recruiting protein tyrosine kinases. ITAM multiplicity amplifies TCR signals, but the importance of this capability for T-cell responses remains undefined. Most
Tina Leuenberger et al.
PloS one, 9(7), e100871-e100871 (2014-07-12)
The maturation status of dendritic cells determines whether interacting T cells are activated or if they become tolerant. Previously we could induce T cell tolerance by applying a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor (HMGCRI) atorvastatin, which also modulates MHC class II
Naoyuki Sakamoto et al.
Journal of translational medicine, 13, 277-277 (2015-08-26)
NK cells can destroy tumor cells without prior sensitization or immunization. Tumors often lose expression of MHC molecules and/or antigens. However, NK cells can lyse tumor cells in a non-MHC-restricted manner and independent of the expression of tumor-associated antigens. NK
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