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S K Hasan et al.
Human & experimental toxicology, 34(6), 628-641 (2014-10-30)
2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) is a known hepatic carcinogen which leads to tumour formation in rodents. 18-β Glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA) derived from liquorice plant has various pharmacological properties such as anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, hepatoprotective and antioxidant. This study is designed to elucidate
Grant R Drummond et al.
Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 10(6), 453-471 (2011-06-02)
NADPH oxidases are a family of enzymes that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). The NOX1 (NADPH oxidase 1) and NOX2 oxidases are the major sources of ROS in the artery wall in conditions such as hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes and ageing
Satoshi Endo et al.
Biochemical pharmacology, 86(9), 1366-1375 (2013-09-03)
3-Hydroxyhexobarbital dehydrogenase (3HBD) catalyzes NAD(P)⁺-linked oxidation of 3-hydroxyhexobarbital into 3-oxohexobarbital. The enzyme has been thought to act as a dehydrogenase for xenobiotic alcohols and some hydroxysteroids, but its physiological function remains unknown. We have purified rabbit 3HBD, isolated its cDNA
Astrid Milić et al.
European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 39(4), 263-276 (2013-10-12)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of structural modifications on the 15-membered macrolactone ring and/or substituents on the in vitro ADME properties and in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) profile for selected derivatives in rodents in comparison to
Ru Feng et al.
Scientific reports, 5, 12155-12155 (2015-07-16)
The gut microbiota is important in the pathogenesis of energy-metabolism related diseases. We focused on the interaction between intestinal bacteria and orally administered chemical drugs. Oral administration of berberine (BBR) effectively treats patients with metabolic disorders. However, because BBR exhibits
Tongya Yu et al.
Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, 44(10), 861-867 (2014-05-02)
1. In this article, the modulatory effects of extracts from vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri (VBRB) and saikosaponins on the activity of CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 were investigated in vitro. 2. Microsomal in vitro incubation method was utilized to simulate metabolic reaction
Nayeli Torres-Ramírez et al.
Life sciences, 93(25-26), 975-985 (2013-11-05)
Excessive energy uptake of dietary carbohydrates results in their storage as fat and requires glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-mediated NADPH production. We sought to assess whether the nicotinamide-induced reduction of G6PD activity might modulate redox balance and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells.
Haiyang Xu et al.
Current biology : CB, 27(13), 1867-1877 (2017-06-20)
Sexually deceptive orchids lure their specific male pollinators using volatile semiochemicals that mimic female sex pheromones. To date, the semiochemicals known to be involved consist of blends of chemically and biosynthetically related compounds. In contrast, we report that (S)-β-citronellol and
Da-Sheng Zhang et al.
Toxicology letters, 225(1), 119-129 (2013-12-05)
Although sanguinarine (SANG) can be transformed to dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA) in human and animals, the enzyme involved in the imine bond reduction of SANG is still unknown. In this study, we found that rat quinone oxidoreductase 1 expressed by prokaryotic system
Brett A Beaupre et al.
Biochemistry, 52(49), 8929-8937 (2013-11-26)
Renalase is a recently discovered flavoprotein that has been reported to be a hormone produced by the kidney to down-modulate blood pressure and heart rate. The consensus belief has been that renalase oxidizes circulating catecholamine neurotransmitters thereby attenuating vascular tone.
Wei Liu et al.
PloS one, 10(4), e0122366-e0122366 (2015-04-08)
Vasicine (VAS), a potential natural cholinesterase inhibitor, exhibited promising anticholinesterase activity in preclinical models and has been in development for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This study systematically investigated the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of VAS in rat using
Iswar Baitharu et al.
PloS one, 9(10), e105311-e105311 (2014-10-14)
Withania somnifera root extract has been used traditionally in ayurvedic system of medicine as a memory enhancer. Present study explores the ameliorative effect of withanolide A, a major component of withania root extract and its molecular mechanism against hypoxia induced
Venugopal R Bovilla et al.
Biomedicines, 9(9) (2021-09-29)
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress-response transcriptional activator that promotes carcinogenesis through metabolic reprogramming, tumor promoting inflammation, and therapeutic resistance. However, the extension of Nrf2 expression and its involvement in regulation of breast cancer (BC) responses
Danilo M Daloso et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(11), E1392-E1400 (2015-02-04)
Plant mitochondria have a fully operational tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle that plays a central role in generating ATP and providing carbon skeletons for a range of biosynthetic processes in both heterotrophic and photosynthetic tissues. The cycle enzyme-encoding genes have been
Bent H Hellum et al.
Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 101(5), 350-358 (2007-10-04)
The six commonly used trade herbal products, St. John's wort, common valerian, common sage, Ginkgo biloba, Echinacea purpurea and horse chestnut, and ethanol, were investigated for their in vitro inhibitory potential of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)-mediated metabolism. Herbal components were
Hitesh V Motwani et al.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 281(3), 276-284 (2014-12-03)
1,3-Butadiene (BD) is a rodent and human carcinogen. In the cancer tests, mice have been much more susceptible than rats with regard to BD-induced carcinogenicity. The species-differences are dependent on metabolic formation/disappearance of the genotoxic BD epoxy-metabolites that lead to
Abdallah Alzoubi et al.
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 304(12), H1708-H1718 (2013-04-16)
Current therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is inadequate. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) effectively treats experimental pulmonary hypertension in chronically hypoxic and monocrotaline-injected rats. Contrary to these animal models, SU5416/hypoxia/normoxia-exposed rats develop a more severe form of occlusive pulmonary arteriopathy and right
Johanna Mock et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 197(18), 2965-2980 (2015-07-08)
Most acetogens can reduce CO2 with H2 to acetic acid via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, in which the ATP required for formate activation is regenerated in the acetate kinase reaction. However, a few acetogens, such as Clostridium autoethanogenum, Clostridium ljungdahlii, and
James Peek et al.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 566, 85-99 (2014-12-20)
Shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of 3-deydroshikimate to shikimate, an essential reaction in the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids and a large number of other secondary metabolites in plants and microbes. The indispensible nature of this enzyme
Erin A Peden et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(49), 35192-35209 (2013-10-09)
Ferredoxins (FDXs) can distribute electrons originating from photosynthetic water oxidation, fermentation, and other reductant-generating pathways to specific redox enzymes in different organisms. The six FDXs identified in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are not fully characterized in terms of their biological function. In
David S Paek et al.
Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.), 22(2), 207-222 (2014-06-12)
Maternal food restriction (MFR) causes intrauterine growth restriction, a known risk factor for developing chronic lung disease. However, it is unknown whether this negative outcome is gender specific or preventable by blocking the MFR-induced hyperglucocorticoidism. Using a well-established rat model
A A Sánchez-Tusie et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 443(2), 531-536 (2013-12-12)
Ca(2+) signaling in spermatozoa plays a crucial role during processes such as capacitation and release of the acrosome, but the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a potent Ca(2+)-releasing second messenger in a
K Oizel et al.
Cell death & disease, 6, e1704-e1704 (2015-03-27)
Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-1 and -2 have recently been described in glioma. This mutation leads to a neomorphic enzymatic activity as the conversion of isocitrate to alpha ketoglutarate (αKG) is replaced by the conversion of αKG to D-2-hydroxyglutarate
Wei Li et al.
Nature metabolism, 3(1), 75-89 (2021-01-20)
NADPH has long been recognized as a key cofactor for antioxidant defence and reductive biosynthesis. Here we report a metabolism-independent function of NADPH in modulating epigenetic status and transcription. We find that the reduction of cellular NADPH levels, achieved by
Ana Sánchez-Azqueta et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1837(10), 1730-1738 (2014-06-24)
Kinetic isotope effects in reactions involving hydride transfer and their temperature dependence are powerful tools to explore dynamics of enzyme catalytic sites. In plant-type ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductases the FAD cofactor exchanges a hydride with the NADP(H) coenzyme. Rates for these processes
Ramon Lavado et al.
Toxicology letters, 226(2), 192-197 (2014-02-20)
Permethrin (PM) is a pyrethroid insecticide that exists as 4 enantiomers. Biotransformation of PM to estrogen receptor agonists (3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol (PBOH) and 3-(4'-hydroxyphenoxy)-benzyl alcohol (3,4 PBOH)) has been shown to be stereoselective in other vertebrate species. This study evaluated the
Jocelyn Kauny et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1837(6), 792-801 (2014-01-28)
We measured the kinetics of light-induced NADPH formation and subsequent dark consumption by monitoring in vivo its fluorescence in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. Spectral data allowed the signal changes to be attributed to NAD(P)H and signal linearity vs the
Dev Churamani et al.
The Biochemical journal, 453(1), 147-151 (2013-05-03)
TPCs (two-pore channels) are NAADP (nicotinic acid-adenine dinucleotide phosphate)-sensitive Ca2+-permeable ion channels expressed on acidic organelles. In the present study we show that deletion of the N-terminal region redirects TPC1 to the ER (endoplasmic reticulum). The introduction of fluorophores at
Yi-Fan Xu et al.
Molecular systems biology, 9, 665-665 (2013-05-15)
Nucleotide degradation is a universal metabolic capability. Here we combine metabolomics, genetics and biochemistry to characterize the yeast pathway. Nutrient starvation, via PKA, AMPK/SNF1, and TOR, triggers autophagic breakdown of ribosomes into nucleotides. A protein not previously associated with nucleotide
Dean Fraga et al.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology, 187, 85-101 (2015-05-20)
Phosphagen kinases (PKs) are well-studied enzymes involved in energy homeostasis in a wide range of animal, protozoan, and even some bacterial species. Recent genome efforts have allowed comparative work on the PKs to extend beyond the biochemistry of individual proteins
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