Nuriye Korkmaz Zirpel et al.
Macromolecular bioscience, 15(9), 1262-1273 (2015-05-20)
Bacteriophages are filamentous polyelectrolyte viral rods infecting only bacteria. In this study, we investigate the bundle formation of fd phages with trivalent cations having different ionic radii (Al(3+) , La(3+) and Y(3+) ) at various phage and counterion concentrations, and