Gaseous emissions in municipal wastes composting: effect of the bulking agent.

Gaseous emissions in municipal wastes composting: effect of the bulking agent.

Bioresource technology (2014-10-02)

Caterina Maulini-Duran, Adriana Artola, Xavier Font, Antoni Sánchez

摘要

In this study, the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), CH4, N2O and NH3 during composting non-source selected MSW, source selected organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) with wood chips as bulking agent (OF_wood) and source selected OFMSW with polyethylene (PE) tube as bulking agent (OF_tube) and the effect of bulking agent on these emissions have been systematically studied. Emission factors are provided (in kg compound Mg(-1) dry matter): OF_tube (CH4: 0.0185±0.004; N2O: 0.0211±0.005; NH3: 0.612±0.269; VOC: 0.688±0.082) and MSW (CH4: 0.0549±0.0171; N2O: 0.032±0.015; NH3: 1.00±0.20; VOC: 1.05±0.18) present lower values than OF_wood (CH4: 1.27±0.09; N2O: 0.021±0.006; NH3: 4.34±2.79; VOC: 0.989±0.249). A detailed composition of VOC is also presented. Terpenes were the main emitted VOC family in all the wastes studied. Higher emissions of alpha and beta pinene were found during OF_wood composting processes.

材料

产品编号

品牌

产品描述

169099

Sigma-Aldrich

二乙烯基苯, technical grade, 55%

57341-U

Supelco

SPME 纤维组件聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS), 100 μm PDMS, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, red hub

57300-U

Supelco

SPME 纤维组件聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS), 100 μm PDMS, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, red hub

469319

Sigma-Aldrich

聚二甲基硅氧烷, viscosity 1.0 cSt (25 °C)

57301

Supelco

SPME 纤维组件聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS), 100 μm PDMS, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, red hub

57310-U

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, blue hub

57293-U

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, StableFlex (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, pink hub

57311

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, blue hub

57326-U

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, StableFlex (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, pink hub

57305

Supelco

聚丙烯酸酯 (PA) 固相微萃取萃取头, 85 μm Polyacrylate, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, white hub

57359-U

Supelco

固相微萃取便携式现场采样器, coating PDMS/DVB

57327-U

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, StableFlex (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, pink hub

57294-U

Supelco

聚丙烯酸酯 (PA) 固相微萃取萃取头, 85 μm Polyacrylate, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, white hub

57346-U

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, blue hub

504823

Supelco

固相微萃取便携式现场采样器, coating PDMS

57550-U

Supelco

固相微萃取 StableFlex^™ 萃取头组合套件, Assortment, StableFlex (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 4

57342-U

Supelco

SPME 纤维组件聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS), 100 μm PDMS, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, red hub

469300

Sigma-Aldrich

聚二甲基硅氧烷, viscosity 0.65 cSt (25 °C)

57284-U

Supelco

固相微萃取 StableFlex^™ 萃取头组合套件, Assortment, StableFlex (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 4

504831

Supelco

固相微萃取便携式现场采样器, coating CAR/PDMS

57324-U

Supelco

SPME 纤维分类套件 4, Assortment #4, Fused Silica (1 cm), size 24 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3

57354-U

Supelco

Carbowax-聚乙二醇 (PEG) 固相微萃取萃取头, 60 μm PEG, Metal Alloy (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, purple hub

57291-U

Supelco

SPME 纤维组件聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS), 7 μm PDMS, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, green hub

57304

Supelco

聚丙烯酸酯 (PA) 固相微萃取萃取头, 85 μm Polyacrylate, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, white hub

57309

Supelco

SPME 纤维组件聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS), 30 μm PDMS, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, yellow hub

57345-U

Supelco

SPME固相微萃取萃取头，二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯(PDMS/DVB), 65 μm PDMS/DVB, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, blue hub

57362-U

Supelco

固相微萃取萃取头组合套件 5, Assortment #5, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 4

57307

Supelco

固相微萃取萃取头组合套件 1, Assortment #1, Fused Silica (1 cm), needle size 24 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3

57355-U

Supelco

Carbowax-聚乙二醇 (PEG) 固相微萃取萃取头, 60 μm PEG, Metal Alloy (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Manual Holder, pk of 3, purple hub

57439-U

Supelco

SPME Overcoated Fiber Assembly, 65 μm PDMS/DVB, StableFlex (1 cm), needle size 23 ga, Autosampler, pk of 3, notched pink hub