Association of the angiotensinogen M235T and APO E gene polymorphisms in Turkish type 2 diabetic patients with and without nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of AGT M235T and apoprotein E (APO E) gene polymorphism with DN in Turkish patients of Type 2 diabetes, and to compare genotype and allele distributions among DN patients, non-DN patients, and healthy controls. AGT M235T and APO E genotype and allele analysis were performed in 111 DN patients, 108 non-DN patients, 106 healthy control subjects for APO E genotype, and 100 for AGT M235T genotype polymorphism. APO E and AGT M235T genotype were determined by RFLP-PCR. The frequencies of APO E ε2/3, ε 3/3, ε 3/4 genotypes were 22.7%, 60%, 60%, respectively, among DN patients and 6.6%, 80%, 10.4%, respectively (p < 0.001), in the non-DN patients. The frequencies of AGT M235T MM, MT, TT genotypes among the same groups were 17%, 46%, 37% and 21%, 63%, 16%, respectively (p < 0.02). Having the ε2/3 genotype and TT genotype increased the risk for DN nephropathy [4.8-fold (95% CI: 1.94-11.67), 2.9-fold (95% CI: 1.27-6.69), respectively]. Our study has shown that AGT M235T TT genotype and APO E ε 2/3 genotype may be linked to a risk for DN among Turkish population.