Calmodulin, Bovine Brain, High Purity

Calmodulin, Bovine Brain, High Purity has been used to study melatonin-calmodulin interaction and to activate Calcium–calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase IIa (CaMKII)a through in vitro incubation.

Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous Ca²⁺-binding protein distributed in eukaryotic cells that serves as a major physiological effector for a wide range of cellular responses. The Ca²⁺-calmodulin complex is involved in the maintenance of intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis, as well as in the regulation of the intracellular concentration of other second messengers, such as cyclic AMP and inositol trisphosphate. Mutations in the CaM sequence can result in diverse and potentially life-threatening pathologies such as ventricular tachycardia, congenital arrhythmia, and long QT syndrome. These mutations have the capacity to modify CaM′s ability to bind to Ca²⁺ and its target proteins and peptides, thereby disrupting their subsequent activity. Ca²⁺/CaM complex and CaM-binding domains (CaMBDs) interactions influence memory formation, muscle contraction, cellular metabolism, and cytoskeletal rearrangements.

Toxicity: Standard Handling (A)

Research area: Cell Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) ranks among the most highly conserved protein sequences, with only histone proteins H4 and H3, actin B, and ubiquitin showing greater evolutionary conservation. CaM is a primarily helical protein with N- and C-terminal domains, each containing two paired Ca2+-binding EF-hand motifs. These motifs, with pentagonal-bipyramidal geometry, feature a conserved 12-amino acid sequence (positions 1–12) within a canonical helix-loop-helix structure.

One unit is defined as the amount of calmodulin that gives rise to 50% of the maximal enzyme activation of a standard level of activator-deficient calcineurin.

This product is not to be used for animal treatment, in vivo research or in any other contact procedure with livestock.

Yes

Lyophilized from 30 mM HEPES, 1 mM CaCl₂, 0.1 mM DTT, pH 7.4.

Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C or -70°C). Aqueous stock solutions are stable for up to 2 months at -20°C or for up to 4 months at -70°C.

Please refer to the vial label for lot-specific reconstitution volume.

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany