Anti-VEEV-E2 Antibody, clone VEEV-57

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a neurotropic alphavirus transmitted by mosquitoes that causes encephalitis and death in humans. VEEV remains a risk for epidemic emergence or use as a bioweapon because of its potential for aerosol spread and the current lack of sufficient countermeasures. The host factors that are required for VEEV entry and infection remain poorly characterized. Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus-E2 (UniProt: P05674; also known as Spike glycoprotein E2, E2 envelope glycoprotein) is a key factor in VEEV pathogenicity. It plays a role in viral attachment to target host cell, by binding to the cell receptor LDLRAD3. The Spike glycoprotein E2 (aa 335-757) is synthesized as a p62 precursor which is processed by furin at the cell membrane just before virion budding, giving rise to E2-E1 heterodimer. Genetic and functional studies indicate that domain 1 of LDLRAD3 is necessary and sufficient to support infection by VEEV, and both anti-LDLRAD3 antibodies and a LDLRAD3(D1)-Fc fusion protein can block VEEV infection in cell culture. The pathogenesis of VEEV infection is abolished in mice with deletions in Ldlrad3, and administration of LDLRAD3(D1)-Fc abolishes disease caused by several subtypes of VEEV, including highly virulent strains. The development of a decoy-receptor fusion protein suggests a strategy for the prevention of severe VEEV infection and associated disease in humans. Functional assays and epitope mapping established that potently inhibitory anti-VEEV mAbs bind distinct antigenic sites in the A or B domains of the E2 glycoprotein and block multiple steps in the viral replication cycle including attachment, fusion, and egress. This VEEV-57 mouse monoclonal antibody specifically detects VEEV-spike glycoprotein E2 and is suitable for western blotting, ELISA and neutralization assays. (Ref.: Ma, H., et al. (2020). Nature. 588(7837):308-314; Kafai, N.M., et al. (2022). J Exp Med. 219(4):e20212532).

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (strain TC-83).

Quality Control Testing

Evaluated by Western Blotting with recombinant fragment of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus-E2.

Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected recombinant Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus spike glycoprotein E2 (VEEV-E2).

Neutralizing: A representative lot neutralized Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus activity (Ma, H., et al. (2020). Nature. 588(7837):308-314).

ELISA Analysis: A representative lot detected Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus-E2 in ELISA application (Ma, H., et al. (2020). Nature. 588(7837):308-314).

Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus-E2 in Western Blotting application (Ma, H., et al. (2020). Nature. 588(7837):308-314).

Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user.

Clone VEEV-57 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that specifically detects Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus-Spike glycoprotein E2.

Purified mouse monoclonal antibody IgG2b in PBS without preservatives.

1.0 mg/mL. Please refer to guidance on suggested starting dilutions and/or titers per application and sample type.

Store at -10°C to -25°C. Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.

Concentration: Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.