A9393
氨苄西林
anhydrous, 96.0-102.0% (anhydrous basis)
别名:
D-(−)-α-氨苄青霉素
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关于此项目
经验公式（希尔记法）:
C16H19N3O4S
化学文摘社编号:
分子量:
349.40
UNSPSC Code:
51281703
NACRES:
NA.85
PubChem Substance ID:
EC Number:
200-709-7
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1090925
MDL number:
InChI key
AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N
InChI
1S/C16H19N3O4S/c1-16(2)11(15(22)23)19-13(21)10(14(19)24-16)18-12(20)9(17)8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h3-7,9-11,14H,17H2,1-2H3,(H,18,20)(H,22,23)/t9-,10-,11+,14-/m1/s1
SMILES string
[H][C@]12SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N1C(=O)[C@H]2NC(=O)[C@H](N)c3ccccc3)C(O)=O
assay
96.0-102.0% (anhydrous basis)
form
solid
pKa (25 °C)
2.5 (COOH), 7.3 (NH2)
mp
208 °C (dec.) (lit.)
antibiotic activity spectrum
Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria
mode of action
cell wall synthesis | interferes
storage temp.
2-8°C
Quality Level
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General description
化学结构:β-内酰胺
Application
氨苄西林已被用于研究抗生素的耐药性和渗透性限制、多种抗生素之间的协同作用、某些血液感染，并已被用于开发检测脑脊液耐药基因的 PCR 检测法。
Biochem/physiol Actions
ββ-内酰胺被 β-内酰胺酶灭活，因此氨苄青霉素与 β-内酰胺酶抑制剂一起使用。
作用机制：氨苄西林是一种半合成的青霉素和β-内酰胺抗生素，其通过灭活位于细菌的细胞膜内表面的转肽酶从而抑制细菌细胞壁合成。
耐药性机制：β-内酰胺酶切开氨苄青霉素的β-内酰胺环,使其失去活性。
抗菌谱：对革兰氏阳性菌（类似于苄青霉素）和革兰氏阴性菌（类似于四环素和氯霉素）均有效。
耐药性机制：β-内酰胺酶切开氨苄青霉素的β-内酰胺环,使其失去活性。
抗菌谱：对革兰氏阳性菌（类似于苄青霉素）和革兰氏阴性菌（类似于四环素和氯霉素）均有效。
Preparation Note
据报道，氨苄青霉素微溶于水，几乎不溶于酒精、氯仿、醚和固定油脂，但溶于稀酸或稀碱。 该溶液不应高压灭菌;原液应通过过滤消毒并冷冻保存，可稳定数月。
Other Notes
在氩气环境中储存。保存于密闭容器内，置于干燥通风处，吸湿性。
Disclaimer
据报道，该产品在25°C、43%和81%相对湿度下可稳定6周。 另外的研究表明氨苄青霉素在溶液中的稳定性与pH、温度和缓冲液的性质有关。 当储存在 pH 值 7 以上时，它′的活性很快就会丧失。 推荐最佳保存条件为2-8℃，pH 3.8-5，一周内其活性可保留90%。
signalword
Danger
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Resp. Sens. 1 - Skin Sens. 1
存储类别
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk
WGK 2
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves
法规信息
涉药品监管产品
此项目有
Comparative evaluation of a new beta-lactamase inhibitor, YTR 830, combined with different beta-lactam antibiotics against bacteria harboring known beta-lactamases.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 29, 955-957 (1986)
M R Jacobs et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 29(6), 980-985 (1986-06-01)
The in vitro synergistic activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors YTR 830, clavulanate, and sulbactam, combined with ampicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, and apalcillin, were determined against 34 strains of members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Haemophilus
Paul G Higgins et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(12), 5035-5038 (2009-09-23)
A carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain was isolated in Brazil in 2004 in which no known carbapenemase gene was detected by PCR. Cloning experiments, followed by expression in Escherichia coli, gave an E. coli recombinant strain expressing a novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing class
Delphine Girlich et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 54(1), 328-332 (2009-11-11)
A Pseudomonas fluorescens isolate (PF-1) resistant to carbapenems was recovered during an environmental survey performed with water from the Seine River (Paris). It expressed a novel Ambler class A carbapenemase, BIC-1, sharing 68 and 59% amino acid identities with beta-lactamases
Kenneth H Rand et al.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 53(3), 530-532 (2004-02-14)
We used a novel screening method to look for synergy between daptomycin and 18 other antibiotics against 19 strains of high-level vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (vancomycin MIC > or = 256 mg/L). In this approach, daptomycin was incorporated into Ca(2+)-supplemented Mueller-Hinton
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