This product is TCA extracted from Salmonella typhosa. The source strain is ATCC 10749.

脂多糖（LPS）是革兰氏阴性细菌细胞壁的特征成分。LPS 及其脂质 A 部分通过 Toll 样受体 4（TLR4）刺激先天免疫系统的细胞，TLR4 是 Toll 样受体蛋白家族的成员，它能识别常见的病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）。

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 ^oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.