TR, β 1 isoform human

Nuclear receptors form the largest known family of transcription factors and have a crucial role in nearly all aspects of vertebrate development and adult physiology by transducing the effects of hormones into transcriptional responses. The family is defined by two domains: (a) the central, highly conserved, DNA-binding domain (DBD) of approximately 66 amino acids, and (b) the C-terminal, structurally conserved, ligand-binding domain (LBD) of approximately 250 amino acids. The amino-terminal regions are least conserved among nuclear receptor sequences. This domain is highly divergent between TR α and TR β isoforms, which suggests differential roles in transcriptional regulation. In addition, alternative splicing of the TR β gene generates two isoforms, TR β1 and TR β2 with completely different amino-terminal domains. Unliganded TR inhibits the formation of a functional pre-initiation complex, through direct interaction with TBP and transcription factor IIB. In addition, in the absence of ligand TR has been shown to repress transcription through recruitment of a corepressor complex, which also includes Sin3A and histone deacetylase. Ligand binding releases the corepressor complex and recruits a coactivator complex that includes multiple histone acetyltransferases, including a steroid receptor family coactivator, p300/CREB-binding protein–associated factor (PCAF), and CREB binding protein (CBP).

Clear and colorless frozen liquid solution

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