TIE 2 or TEK is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is expressed principally on vascular endothelium. Disrupting TIE 2 function in mice results in embryonic lethality with defects in embryonic vasculature, suggesting a role in blood vessel maturation and maintenance. Angiopoietin-1 is a secreted growth factor that binds to and activates the TIE 2 receptor tyrosine kinase. SHP2 and GRB2 are recruited to the activated TIE 2 kinase domain and are part of the cellular responses that mediate TIE 2 function. TIE 2 expression is upregulated in the endothelium of vascular "hot spots" in human breast cancer specimens. However, TIE 2 is also overexpressed in areas of active angiogenesis in normal tissues.

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