Ubiquitin-Biotinylated (all lysines unmodified)

Post-translational modification of proteins by ubiquitin (Ub) is a key regulatory process that impacts almost all cellular functions. Ubiquitylation occurs through isopeptide linkage between the C-terminus of Ub and the ε-amino group of a lysine (Lys) residue on the target substrate. Ub itself has seven Lys residues (6, 11, 27, 29, 33, 48, and 63), any of which can participate in further ubiquitylation, generating polyUb chains. Thebiotinylated ubiquitin carries a single biotin molecule attached at a defined location and unlike other biotinylated ubiquitins, avoids modification of the N-terminus, C-terminus or any of the seven Lys side chains. Therefore, this biotinylated ubiquitin has all lysines available for conjugation and can be incorporated into polyubiquitin chains of any linkage type.