03777

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P66Shc mediates increased platelet activation and aggregation in hypercholesterolemia.

Santosh Kumar et al.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 449(4), 496-501 (2014-05-23)

Hypercholesterolemia leads to a prothrombotic phenotype. Platelet hyperactivity associated with hypercholesterolemia has been attributed, in part, to oxidative stress. P66Shc is a well-known determinant of cellular and organismal oxidative stress. However, its role in platelet biology is not known. We

Mitochondria-associated microRNAs in rat hippocampus following traumatic brain injury.

Wang-Xia Wang et al.

Experimental neurology, 265, 84-93 (2015-01-07)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. However, the molecular events contributing to the pathogenesis are not well understood. Mitochondria serve as the powerhouse of cells, respond to cellular demands and stressors, and play an

Explanted diseased livers - a possible source of metabolic competent primary human hepatocytes.

Moritz Kleine et al.

PloS one, 9(7), e101386-e101386 (2014-07-08)

Being an integral part of basic, translational and clinical research, the demand for primary human hepatocytes (PHH) is continuously growing while the availability of tissue resection material for the isolation of metabolically competent PHH remains limited. To overcome current shortcomings

Calcium entry via connexin hemichannels in lens epithelium.

Amritlal Mandal et al.

Experimental eye research, 132, 52-58 (2015-01-20)

Exposure to hyposmotic solution causes release of ATP from lens cells via hemichannels. Because hemichannel opening feasibly could swamp the cells with calcium, we carried out studies to measure the magnitude of the increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration caused by

The high mobility group A2 protein epigenetically silences the Cdh1 gene during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

E-Jean Tan et al.

Nucleic acids research, 43(1), 162-178 (2014-12-11)

The loss of the tumour suppressor E-cadherin (Cdh1) is a key event during tumourigenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) triggers EMT by inducing the expression of non-histone chromatin protein High Mobility Group A2 (HMGA2). We have previously

Phosphorylation of glucocorticoid receptor tau1c transactivation domain enhances binding to CREB binding protein (CBP) TAZ2.

Carl W Carruthers et al.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 457(1), 119-123 (2014-12-17)

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) N-terminal domain (NTD) contains a transactivation domain (activation function 1; AF-1). GR AF-1 is phosphorylated, but effects of this modification upon AF-1 activity and cofactor recruitment are not completely clear. GR AF-1 activity is mostly confined

Downregulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 levels enhances cardiac insulin sensitivity and switches on cardioprotective gene expression patterns.

Elisa Lucas et al.

Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1842(12 Pt A), 2448-2456 (2014-09-23)

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) has recently emerged as a negative modulator of insulin signaling. GRK2 downregulation improves insulin sensitivity and prevents systemic insulin resistance. Cardiac GRK2 levels are increased in human heart failure, while genetically inhibiting GRK2 leads

Neutrophil elastase induces MUC5AC secretion via protease-activated receptor 2.

Jia Zhou et al.

Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 377(1-2), 75-85 (2013-02-09)

Mucus hypersecretion is a major manifestation in patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases, and mucin5AC (MUC5AC) protein is a major component of airway mucus. Previous studies have demonstrated that neutrophil elastase (NE) stimulates the secretion of MUC5AC from airway epithelial

Metformin inhibits growth of human glioblastoma cells and enhances therapeutic response.

Julie Sesen et al.

PloS one, 10(4), e0123721-e0123721 (2015-04-14)

High-grade gliomas, glioblastomas (GB), are refractory to conventional treatment combining surgery, chemotherapy, mainly temozolomide, and radiotherapy. This highlights an urgent need to develop novel therapies and increase the efficacy of radio/chemotherapy for these very aggressive and malignant brain tumors. Recently

Loss of Cln3 function in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum causes pleiotropic effects that are rescued by human CLN3.

Robert J Huber et al.

PloS one, 9(10), e110544-e110544 (2014-10-21)

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of inherited, severe neurodegenerative disorders also known as Batten disease. Juvenile NCL (JNCL) is caused by recessive loss-of-function mutations in CLN3, which encodes a transmembrane protein that regulates endocytic pathway trafficking, though

RASSF1A inactivation unleashes a tumor suppressor/oncogene cascade with context-dependent consequences on cell cycle progression.

Rosalyn R Ram et al.

Molecular and cellular biology, 34(12), 2350-2358 (2014-04-16)

The RASSF1A gene is one of the most frequently inactivated genes in over 30 different types of cancers (H. Donninger, M. D. Vos, and G. J. Clark, J. Cell Sci. 120:3163-3172, 2007, http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.010389). Despite the prevalence of RASSF1A silencing in

Pharmacological dose of melatonin reduces cytosolic calcium load in response to cholecystokinin in mouse pancreatic acinar cells.

Patricia Santofimia-Castaño et al.

Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 397(1-2), 75-86 (2014-08-03)

Intracellular Ca(2+) overload has been considered a common pathological precursor of pancreatic injury. In this study, the effects of melatonin on Ca(2+) mobilization induced by cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in freshly isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells have been examined. Changes in

Neuronal K(ATP) channels mediate hypoxic preconditioning and reduce subsequent neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Hong-Shuo Sun et al.

Experimental neurology, 263, 161-171 (2014-12-03)

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and its related illness hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are major causes of nervous system damage and neurological morbidity in children. Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) is known to be neuroprotective in cerebral ischemic brain injury. K(ATP) channels are involved

Epigenetic regulation of histone modifications and Gata6 gene expression induced by maternal diet in mouse embryoid bodies in a model of developmental programming.

Congshan Sun et al.

BMC developmental biology, 15, 3-3 (2015-01-23)

Dietary interventions during pregnancy alter offspring fitness. We have shown mouse maternal low protein diet fed exclusively for the preimplantation period (Emb-LPD) before return to normal protein diet (NPD) for the rest of gestation, is sufficient to cause adult offspring

Results of Membrane-Activated Chelator Stroke Intervention randomized trial of DP-b99 in acute ischemic stroke.

Kennedy R Lees et al.

Stroke, 44(3), 580-584 (2013-02-09)

DP-b99, a lipophilic moderate-affinity chelator of zinc, was postulated to improve recovery after acute ischemic stroke. We evaluated the safety and therapeutic effects of DP-b99 in patients with acute hemispheric ischemic stroke. The Membrane-Activated Chelator Stroke Intervention trial was a

Rho-kinase signaling controls nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC7) and transcriptional activation of orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1.

Claudia Compagnucci et al.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 459(2), 179-183 (2014-12-17)

Rho-kinase (ROCK) has been well documented to play a key role in RhoA-induced actin remodeling. ROCK activation results in myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation either by direct action on MLC kinase (MLCK) or by inhibition of MLC phosphatase (MLCP), modulating

In vitro antiviral and immunomodulatory activity of arbidol and structurally related derivatives in herpes simplex virus type 1-infected human keratinocytes (HaCat).

Brunella Perfetto et al.

Journal of medical microbiology, 63(Pt 11), 1474-1483 (2014-09-05)

Arbidol (ARB) is an antiviral drug that has broad-spectrum activity against a number of viral infections. To date, there are no specific data regarding its effects against a herpesvirus. Here, the in vitro antiviral effect of ARB and structurally related

Defects in calcium homeostasis and mitochondria can be reversed in Pompe disease.

Jeong-A Lim et al.

Autophagy, 11(2), 385-402 (2015-03-12)

Mitochondria-induced oxidative stress and flawed autophagy are common features of neurodegenerative and lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Although defective autophagy is particularly prominent in Pompe disease, mitochondrial function has escaped examination in this typical LSD. We have found multiple mitochondrial defects

Proprotein convertase 5/6 cleaves platelet-derived growth factor A in the human endometrium in preparation for embryo implantation.

Sarah Paule et al.

Molecular human reproduction, 21(3), 262-270 (2014-11-29)

Establishment of endometrial receptivity is vital for successful embryo implantation. Proprotein convertase 5/6 (referred to as PC6) is up-regulated in the human endometrium specifically at the time of epithelial receptivity. PC6, a serine protease of the proprotein convertase family, plays

Pulse-chase analysis of procollagen biosynthesis by azidohomoalanine labeling.

Lynn S Mirigian et al.

Connective tissue research, 55(5-6), 403-410 (2014-08-28)

Disruptions in procollagen synthesis, trafficking and secretion by cells occur in multiple connective tissue diseases. Traditionally, these disruptions are studied by pulse-chase labeling with radioisotopes. However, significant DNA damage, excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and formation of other free

Estradiol stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and adiponectin expression in skeletal muscle.

Gabriela Capllonch-Amer et al.

The Journal of endocrinology, 221(3), 391-403 (2014-04-01)

Sexual dimorphism has been found in mitochondrial features of skeletal muscle, with female rats showing greater mitochondrial mass and function compared with males. Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing adipokine whose expression has been related to mitochondrial function and that is also

Loose coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a plastic hippocampal synapse.

Nicholas P Vyleta et al.

Science (New York, N.Y.), 343(6171), 665-670 (2014-02-08)

The distance between Ca(2+) channels and release sensors determines the speed and efficacy of synaptic transmission. Tight "nanodomain" channel-sensor coupling initiates transmitter release at synapses in the mature brain, whereas loose "microdomain" coupling appears restricted to early developmental stages. To

Calcium mobilization is both required and sufficient for initiating chromatin decondensation during activation of peripheral T-cells.

Megan D Lee et al.

Molecular immunology, 63(2), 540-549 (2014-12-03)

Antigen engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) induces a rapid and dramatic decondensation of chromatin that is necessary for T-cell activation. This decondensation makes T-cells competent to respond to interleukin-2 providing a mechanism to ensure clonotypic proliferation during an immune

The effectiveness and risk comparison of EDTA with EGTA in enhancing Cd phytoextraction by Mirabilis jalapa L.

Song Wang et al.

Environmental monitoring and assessment, 186(2), 751-759 (2013-09-27)

In the previous study, Mirabilis jalapa L. had revealed the basic Cd hyperaccumulator characteristics, but the accumulation ability was not as strong as that of other known Cd hyperaccumulators. In order to improve the accumulation ability of this ornamental plant

Differential pathway coupling of the activated insulin receptor drives signaling selectivity by XMetA, an allosteric partial agonist antibody.

Daniel H Bedinger et al.

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 353(1), 35-43 (2015-01-24)

The monoclonal antibody XMetA is an allosteric partial agonist of the insulin receptor (IR), which activates the metabolic Akt kinase signaling pathway while having little or no effect on the mitogenic extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. To investigate the

Running exercise delays neurodegeneration in amygdala and hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease (APP/PS1) transgenic mice.

Tzu-Wei Lin et al.

Neurobiology of learning and memory, 118, 189-197 (2014-12-30)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease. Post-mortem examination and brain imaging studies indicate that neurodegeneration is evident in the hippocampus and amygdala of very early stage AD patients. Exercise training is known to enhance hippocampus- and amygdala-associated neuronal

Relaxant effect of flavonoid naringenin on contractile activity of rat colonic smooth muscle.

ZiHuan Yang et al.

Journal of ethnopharmacology, 155(2), 1177-1183 (2014-07-06)

Disturbed gastrointestinal (GI) motility can be associated with smooth muscle abnormalities and dysfunction. Exploring innovative approaches that can modulate the disturbed colonic motility are of great importance for clinical therapeutics. Naringenin, a flavonoid presented in many traditional Chinese herbal medicines

Environmental enrichment reduces methamphetamine cue-induced reinstatement but does not alter methamphetamine reward or VMAT2 function.

Rebecca S Hofford et al.

Behavioural brain research, 270, 151-158 (2014-05-14)

Environmental factors influence a variety of health-related outcomes. In general, being raised in an environment possessing social, sensory, and motor enrichment reduces the rewarding effects of various drugs, thus protecting against abuse vulnerability. However, in the case of methamphetamine (METH)

Perivascular mural cells of the mouse choroid demonstrate morphological diversity that is correlated to vasoregulatory function.

Audrey B Condren et al.

PloS one, 8(1), e53386-e53386 (2013-01-12)

Perivascular mural cells of the choroid have been implicated in physiological functioning as well as in retinal disease pathogenesis. However details regarding their form and function are not well understood. We aim to characterize choroidal mural cells in the adult

CXCR3 promotes plaque formation and behavioral deficits in an Alzheimer's disease model.

Marius Krauthausen et al.

The Journal of clinical investigation, 125(1), 365-378 (2014-12-17)

Chemokines are important modulators of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and in AD animal models, the chemokine CXCL10 is found in high concentrations, suggesting a pathogenic role for this chemokine and its receptor, CXCR3.

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