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Renewable Energy. Cellulosic ethanol at last?
Robert F Service
Science (New York, N.Y.), 345(6201), 1111-1111 (2014-09-06)
Carole Lepilleur et al.
Journal of cosmetic science, 64(6), 411-427 (2014-01-09)
Formulation composition has a dramatic influence on the performance of conditioning shampoos. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting the performance of various cationic polymers in those systems. An experiment was conducted by varying the levels
Raman Mahadevan Iyer et al.
Pharmaceutical development and technology, 19(5), 583-592 (2013-08-15)
Material properties play a significant role in pharmaceutical processing. The impact of roller compaction (RC) and tablet compression on solid fraction (SF), tensile strength (TS) and flexural modulus (FM) of Avicel DG [co-processed excipient with 75% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and
Martin Harper et al.
Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene, 10(6), 297-306 (2013-04-04)
Airborne particles that are collected using closed-face filter cassettes (CFCs), which are used widely in the sampling of workplace aerosols, can deposit in places other than on the filter and thereby may not be included in the ensuing analysis. A
Ivana Salopek Cubrić et al.
Collegium antropologicum, 37(1), 57-64 (2013-05-24)
Thermophysiological comfort applies to the way in which clothing lets through or retains heat and moisture and helps the body retain heat balance in rest position or at various levels of activities. In this paper, the principles of sensory analysis
Rocktotpal Konwarh et al.
Biotechnology advances, 31(4), 421-437 (2013-01-16)
Cellulose acetate (CA) has been a material of choice for spectrum of utilities across different domains ranging from high absorbing diapers to membrane filters. Electrospinning has conferred a whole new perspective to polymeric materials including CA in the context of
Muhammad K Shahzad et al.
Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University, 22(2), 177-183 (2013-05-28)
The aim of the present work was to formulate flurbiprofen (FLB) loaded microspheres of hydroxypropylmethycellulose and ethylcellulose polymers to study the effect of different proportions of the polymer mixture on the release behavior of the drug. A series of microspheres
Dereje Diriba et al.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 93(1), 126-131 (2014-05-23)
Sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw were applied for the removal of nitrite ions from water samples. Batch experiments were conducted to establish optimum pH (5), initial nitrite concentration (5 mg/L), adsorbent dose (3 mg/L) and contact time (90 min). Under
Sunkyu Park et al.
Biotechnology for biofuels, 3, 10-10 (2010-05-26)
Although measurements of crystallinity index (CI) have a long history, it has been found that CI varies significantly depending on the choice of measurement method. In this study, four different techniques incorporating X-ray diffraction and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance
Marisa A Lima et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(46), 32991-33005 (2013-09-26)
Aspergillus niger is known to secrete large amounts of β-glucosidases, which have a variety of biotechnological and industrial applications. Here, we purified an A. niger β-glucosidase (AnBgl1) and conducted its biochemical and biophysical analyses. Purified enzyme with an apparent molecular
S B Leschine
Annual review of microbiology, 49, 399-426 (1995-01-01)
In anaerobic environments rich in decaying plant material, the decomposition of cellulose is brought about by complex communities of interacting microorganisms. Because the substrate, cellulose, is insoluble, bacterial and fungal degradation occurs exocellularly, either in association with the outer cell
Zeng-Guang Wang et al.
Yi chuan = Hereditas, 35(5), 655-665 (2013-06-05)
Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are a type of important plant growth regulators, which play the key roles in multiple processes, such as seed germination, leaf expansion, flowering, fruit bearing, and stem development. Its biosynthesis is regulated by a variety of enzymes
Jennifer S Le Blond et al.
Environmental toxicology, 29(5), 503-516 (2012-03-21)
Sugarcane combustion generates fine-grained particulate that has the potential to be a respiratory health hazard because of its grain size and composition. In particular, conversion of amorphous silica to crystalline forms during burning may provide a source of toxic particles.
Armando J D Silvestre et al.
Expert opinion on drug delivery, 11(7), 1113-1124 (2014-05-23)
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extremely pure form of cellulose, which, due to its unique properties, such as high purity, water-holding capacity, three-dimensional nanofibrilar network, mechanical strength, biodegradability and biocompatibility, shows a high potential as nanomaterial in a wide range
Tomoko Maehara et al.
Fungal biology, 117(3), 220-226 (2013-03-30)
Ethanol production by Flammulina velutipes from high substrate concentrations was evaluated. F. velutipes produces approximately 40-60 g l(-1) ethanol from 15% (w/v) D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, sucrose, maltose, and cellobiose, with the highest conversion rate of 83% observed using cellobiose as
David A Hufnagel et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 196(21), 3690-3699 (2014-08-13)
The bacterial extracellular matrix encases cells and protects them from host-related and environmental insults. The Escherichia coli master biofilm regulator CsgD is required for the production of the matrix components curli and cellulose. CsgD activates the diguanylate cyclase AdrA, which
Tetsuo Kondo et al.
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering, 118(4), 482-487 (2014-05-07)
We investigated the autonomous bottom-up fabrication of three-dimensional honeycomb cellulose structures, using Gluconacetobacter xylinus as a bacterial nanoengine, on cellulose honeycomb templates prepared by casting water-in-oil emulsions on glass substrates (Kasai and Kondo, Macromol. Biosci., 4, 17-21, 2004). The template
Martin Bringmann et al.
Trends in plant science, 17(11), 666-674 (2012-07-13)
Directed plant cell growth is governed by deposition and alterations of cell wall components under turgor pressure. A key regulatory element of anisotropic growth, and hence cell shape, is the directional deposition of cellulose microfibrils. The microfibrils are synthesized by
Tuo Wang et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(41), 16444-16449 (2013-09-26)
Structure determination of protein binding to noncrystalline macromolecular assemblies such as plant cell walls (CWs) poses a significant structural biology challenge. CWs are loosened during growth by expansin proteins, which weaken the noncovalent network formed by cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins
Z Pourramezan et al.
Mikrobiologiia, 81(6), 796-802 (2013-04-25)
The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize the cellulose-degrading bacteria from the gut of the local termite, Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri), inhabiting the Khuzestan province of Iran. The microorganisms capable of growing in the liquid medium containing
Diego O Serra et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 195(24), 5540-5554 (2013-10-08)
Morphological form in multicellular aggregates emerges from the interplay of genetic constitution and environmental signals. Bacterial macrocolony biofilms, which form intricate three-dimensional structures, such as large and often radially oriented ridges, concentric rings, and elaborate wrinkles, provide a unique opportunity
Nicolaj Cruys-Bagger et al.
Biochemistry, 52(49), 8938-8948 (2013-11-16)
Cellobiohydrolases are exoacting, processive enzymes that effectively hydrolyze crystalline cellulose. They have attracted considerable interest because of their role in both natural carbon cycling and industrial enzyme cocktails used for the deconstruction of cellulosic biomass, but many mechanistic and regulatory
Revealing nature's cellulase diversity: the digestion mechanism of Caldicellulosiruptor bescii CelA.
Roman Brunecky et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6165), 1513-1516 (2013-12-21)
Most fungi and bacteria degrade plant cell walls by secreting free, complementary enzymes that hydrolyze cellulose; however, some bacteria use large enzymatic assemblies called cellulosomes, which recruit complementary enzymes to protein scaffolds. The thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor bescii uses an intermediate
Nathalie Lavoine et al.
Carbohydrate polymers, 90(2), 735-764 (2012-07-31)
Interest in microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) has been increasing exponentially. During the last decade, this bio-based nanomaterial was essentially used in nanocomposites for its reinforcement property. Its nano-scale dimensions and its ability to form a strong entangled nanoporous network, however, have
Bona Kim et al.
Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology, 13(11), 7454-7458 (2013-11-20)
Silver nanowires have unique electrical, thermal and optical properties, which support their potential application in numerous fields including catalysis, electronics, optoelectronics, sensing, and surface-enhanced spectroscopy. Especially, their application such as catalysts for alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) have attracted much interest
Nasrullah Shah et al.
Carbohydrate polymers, 98(2), 1585-1598 (2013-09-24)
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has received substantial interest owing to its unique structural features and impressive physico-mechanical properties. BC has a variety of applications in biomedical fields, including use as biomaterial for artificial skin, artificial blood vessels, vascular grafts, scaffolds for
Microbiology. No barriers to cellulose breakdown.
Alex Berlin
Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6165), 1454-1456 (2013-12-21)
Aiqin Wang et al.
Accounts of chemical research, 46(7), 1377-1386 (2013-02-21)
With diminishing fossil resources and increasing concerns about environmental issues, searching for alternative fuels has gained interest in recent years. Cellulose, as the most abundant nonfood biomass on earth, is a promising renewable feedstock for production of fuels and chemicals.
M Keshavarz et al.
Pharmaceutical development and technology, 19(8), 952-959 (2013-10-29)
The rheological and drug release behavior of biopolymer nanocomposite gels based on the cellulose derivatives, formulated as the bioadhesive drug delivery platforms, were investigated. The bioadhesive gel is composed of the microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and phosphate buffered saline
Olof Regnell et al.
Ambio, 43(7), 878-890 (2014-01-15)
Methylation of mercury (Hg) to highly toxic methyl Hg (MeHg), a process known to occur when organic matter (OM) decomposition leads to anoxia, is considered a worldwide threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. We measured temporal and spatial variations
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