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Renewable Energy. Cellulosic ethanol at last?
Robert F Service
Science (New York, N.Y.), 345(6201), 1111-1111 (2014-09-06)
S B Leschine
Annual review of microbiology, 49, 399-426 (1995-01-01)
In anaerobic environments rich in decaying plant material, the decomposition of cellulose is brought about by complex communities of interacting microorganisms. Because the substrate, cellulose, is insoluble, bacterial and fungal degradation occurs exocellularly, either in association with the outer cell
Raman Mahadevan Iyer et al.
Pharmaceutical development and technology, 19(5), 583-592 (2013-08-15)
Material properties play a significant role in pharmaceutical processing. The impact of roller compaction (RC) and tablet compression on solid fraction (SF), tensile strength (TS) and flexural modulus (FM) of Avicel DG [co-processed excipient with 75% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and
Martin Harper et al.
Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene, 10(6), 297-306 (2013-04-04)
Airborne particles that are collected using closed-face filter cassettes (CFCs), which are used widely in the sampling of workplace aerosols, can deposit in places other than on the filter and thereby may not be included in the ensuing analysis. A
Ivana Salopek Cubrić et al.
Collegium antropologicum, 37(1), 57-64 (2013-05-24)
Thermophysiological comfort applies to the way in which clothing lets through or retains heat and moisture and helps the body retain heat balance in rest position or at various levels of activities. In this paper, the principles of sensory analysis
Carole Lepilleur et al.
Journal of cosmetic science, 64(6), 411-427 (2014-01-09)
Formulation composition has a dramatic influence on the performance of conditioning shampoos. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting the performance of various cationic polymers in those systems. An experiment was conducted by varying the levels
Muhammad K Shahzad et al.
Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University, 22(2), 177-183 (2013-05-28)
The aim of the present work was to formulate flurbiprofen (FLB) loaded microspheres of hydroxypropylmethycellulose and ethylcellulose polymers to study the effect of different proportions of the polymer mixture on the release behavior of the drug. A series of microspheres
Tuo Wang et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(41), 16444-16449 (2013-09-26)
Structure determination of protein binding to noncrystalline macromolecular assemblies such as plant cell walls (CWs) poses a significant structural biology challenge. CWs are loosened during growth by expansin proteins, which weaken the noncovalent network formed by cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectins
Dereje Diriba et al.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 93(1), 126-131 (2014-05-23)
Sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw were applied for the removal of nitrite ions from water samples. Batch experiments were conducted to establish optimum pH (5), initial nitrite concentration (5 mg/L), adsorbent dose (3 mg/L) and contact time (90 min). Under
Sunkyu Park et al.
Biotechnology for biofuels, 3, 10-10 (2010-05-26)
Although measurements of crystallinity index (CI) have a long history, it has been found that CI varies significantly depending on the choice of measurement method. In this study, four different techniques incorporating X-ray diffraction and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance
Marisa A Lima et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(46), 32991-33005 (2013-09-26)
Aspergillus niger is known to secrete large amounts of β-glucosidases, which have a variety of biotechnological and industrial applications. Here, we purified an A. niger β-glucosidase (AnBgl1) and conducted its biochemical and biophysical analyses. Purified enzyme with an apparent molecular
Tomoko Maehara et al.
Fungal biology, 117(3), 220-226 (2013-03-30)
Ethanol production by Flammulina velutipes from high substrate concentrations was evaluated. F. velutipes produces approximately 40-60 g l(-1) ethanol from 15% (w/v) D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, sucrose, maltose, and cellobiose, with the highest conversion rate of 83% observed using cellobiose as
Martin Bringmann et al.
Trends in plant science, 17(11), 666-674 (2012-07-13)
Directed plant cell growth is governed by deposition and alterations of cell wall components under turgor pressure. A key regulatory element of anisotropic growth, and hence cell shape, is the directional deposition of cellulose microfibrils. The microfibrils are synthesized by
Rocktotpal Konwarh et al.
Biotechnology advances, 31(4), 421-437 (2013-01-16)
Cellulose acetate (CA) has been a material of choice for spectrum of utilities across different domains ranging from high absorbing diapers to membrane filters. Electrospinning has conferred a whole new perspective to polymeric materials including CA in the context of
Z Pourramezan et al.
Mikrobiologiia, 81(6), 796-802 (2013-04-25)
The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize the cellulose-degrading bacteria from the gut of the local termite, Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri), inhabiting the Khuzestan province of Iran. The microorganisms capable of growing in the liquid medium containing
Tetsuo Kondo et al.
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering, 118(4), 482-487 (2014-05-07)
We investigated the autonomous bottom-up fabrication of three-dimensional honeycomb cellulose structures, using Gluconacetobacter xylinus as a bacterial nanoengine, on cellulose honeycomb templates prepared by casting water-in-oil emulsions on glass substrates (Kasai and Kondo, Macromol. Biosci., 4, 17-21, 2004). The template
Olof Regnell et al.
Ambio, 43(7), 878-890 (2014-01-15)
Methylation of mercury (Hg) to highly toxic methyl Hg (MeHg), a process known to occur when organic matter (OM) decomposition leads to anoxia, is considered a worldwide threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. We measured temporal and spatial variations
David A Hufnagel et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 196(21), 3690-3699 (2014-08-13)
The bacterial extracellular matrix encases cells and protects them from host-related and environmental insults. The Escherichia coli master biofilm regulator CsgD is required for the production of the matrix components curli and cellulose. CsgD activates the diguanylate cyclase AdrA, which
Jennifer S Le Blond et al.
Environmental toxicology, 29(5), 503-516 (2012-03-21)
Sugarcane combustion generates fine-grained particulate that has the potential to be a respiratory health hazard because of its grain size and composition. In particular, conversion of amorphous silica to crystalline forms during burning may provide a source of toxic particles.
Armando J D Silvestre et al.
Expert opinion on drug delivery, 11(7), 1113-1124 (2014-05-23)
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extremely pure form of cellulose, which, due to its unique properties, such as high purity, water-holding capacity, three-dimensional nanofibrilar network, mechanical strength, biodegradability and biocompatibility, shows a high potential as nanomaterial in a wide range
Zeng-Guang Wang et al.
Yi chuan = Hereditas, 35(5), 655-665 (2013-06-05)
Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are a type of important plant growth regulators, which play the key roles in multiple processes, such as seed germination, leaf expansion, flowering, fruit bearing, and stem development. Its biosynthesis is regulated by a variety of enzymes
Weihua Wu et al.
Archives of microbiology, 195(12), 823-829 (2013-10-29)
This study investigated the cellular location and the contribution of individual β-glucosidase (BGL) to total BGL activity in Neurospora crassa. Among the seven bgl genes, bgl3, bgl5, and bgl7 were transcribed at basal levels, whereas bgl1, bgl2, bgl4, and bgl6
J Chan
Journal of microscopy, 247(1), 23-32 (2011-12-17)
In this review, I ask the question of what is the relationship between growth and the orientations of microtubules and cellulose microfibrils in plant cells. This should be a relatively simple question to answer considering that text books commonly describe
I N Kurchenko et al.
Mikrobiolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1993), 75(1), 54-68 (2013-03-23)
It was shown that saprophytic (soil), endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of F. poae under cultivation conditions in the media containing carbon sources from mono- to polysaccharides had different abilities to use them and to accumulate biomass. Maltose, xylose, fructose
Martin Gericke et al.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 17(6), 7458-7502 (2012-06-19)
In the past decade, ionic liquids (ILs) have received enormous interest as solvents for cellulose. They have been studied intensively for fractionation and biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass, for dissolution of the polysaccharide, for preparation of cellulosic fibers, and in particular
Johan O Westman et al.
Applied and environmental microbiology, 80(22), 6908-6918 (2014-08-31)
Yeast has long been considered the microorganism of choice for second-generation bioethanol production due to its fermentative capacity and ethanol tolerance. However, tolerance toward inhibitors derived from lignocellulosic materials is still an issue. Flocculating yeast strains often perform relatively well
Wen-Tzu Wu et al.
Food chemistry, 155, 304-310 (2014-03-07)
Mice were fed low-fibre, or that supplemented with soluble fibre (konjac glucomannan, KGM; inulin), or insoluble fibre (cellulose) to determine how these three fibres modulated the acute colonic responses to an azoxymethane (AOM) treatment. Results indicated that KGM and inulin
Mizuho Kunii et al.
Development genes and evolution, 224(1), 25-35 (2013-11-19)
Dictyostelium discoideum is a facultative multicellular amoebozoan with cellulose in the stalk and spore coat of its fruiting body as well as in the extracellular matrix of the migrating slug. The organism also harbors a number of cellulase genes. One
Patrick Shahgaldian et al.
Chimia, 67(6), 425-426 (2013-08-16)
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligomers of glucose; they are widely used in a large range of industrial applications because of their molecular inclusion properties. We used cyclodextrins to prepare different libraries of polymers and tested their ability to selectively recognize pharmaceuticals
Jitka Muzíková et al.
Acta poloniae pharmaceutica, 70(6), 1087-1096 (2014-01-05)
The study evaluates the micronized poloxamers Lptrol micro127 (poloxamer 407) and Lptrol micro 68 (poloxamer 188) as lubricants in combination with the dry binders microcrystalline cellulose and spray-dried lactose. Magnesium stearate was employed as the comparative lubricant. The parameters under
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